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Problem:
Change the default value of a default parameter in a function might result
in a surprising behaviour. The problem is described below.
Consider the following function declaration & definition

//file1.h
void foo(int param, type1 value1 = a1, type2 value2 = b1);

//file1.cpp
#include "file.h"
void foo(int param, type1 value1, type2 value2) {
        //implementation
}

//file2.cpp
#include "file1.h"

void usefoo() {
       foo(0, a1, b2); //i want to pass b2 and hence i am passing the
default value a1 also
}

It is often the case that during the lifecycle of the software the default
value is changed to a2 from a1. This necessitates a change in the function
usefoo(). As there is no compilation error it is very easy to miss this
error. Even if the person knows that it should be changed it is a
cumbersome manual process (change it in all the places) and hence error
prone. This kind of change is not uncommon at all. Days of work gets wasted
due to this.

Solution:
Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The function call
becomes

void usefoo() {
       foo(0, default, b2);
}

Now, no matter what the change in the default value the usefoo function
will not produce any surprise. It might seem that the mirror image of the
problem exists. If a user wants to pass a1 then changing the default value
to a2 will result in a problem. The problem can be solved like this below.

foo(0, default, b2); // if the user wants to pass whatever the default
value is
foo(0, a1, b2);       // if the user wants to pass a1 no matter what the
default value is

Addition of this functionality matches the user intent.

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<div>Problem:</div><div>Change the default value of a default parameter in =
a function might result in a surprising behaviour. The problem is described=
 below.</div><div>Consider the following function declaration &amp; definit=
ion</div><div><br></div><div>//file1.h</div>void foo(int param, type1 value=
1 =3D a1, type2 value2 =3D b1);<div><br></div><div>//file1.cpp</div><div>#i=
nclude "file.h"</div><div>void foo(int param, type1 value1, type2 value2) {=
</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; //implementation</div><div>}</div><d=
iv><br></div><div>//file2.cpp</div><div>#include "file1.h"</div><div><br></=
div><div>void usefoo() {</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0, a1, b2=
); //i want to pass b2 and hence i am passing the default value a1 also</di=
v><div>}</div><div><br></div><div>It is often the case that during the life=
cycle of the software the default value is changed to a2 from a1. This nece=
ssitates a change in the function usefoo(). As there is no compilation erro=
r it is very easy to miss this error. Even if the person knows that it shou=
ld be changed it is a cumbersome manual process (change it in all the place=
s) and hence error prone. This kind of change is not uncommon at all. Days =
of work gets wasted due to this.</div><div><br></div><div>Solution:</div><d=
iv>Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The function cal=
l becomes</div><div><br></div><div><div>void usefoo() {</div><div>&nbsp; &n=
bsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0, default, b2);</div><div>}</div></div><div><br></di=
v><div>Now, no matter what the change in the default value the usefoo funct=
ion will not produce any surprise. It might seem that the mirror image of t=
he problem exists. If a user wants to pass a1 then changing the default val=
ue to a2 will result in a problem. The problem can be solved like this belo=
w.</div><div><br></div><div>foo(0, default, b2); // if the user wants to pa=
ss whatever the default value is</div><div>foo(0, a1, b2); &nbsp; &nbsp; &n=
bsp; // if the user wants to pass a1 no matter what the default value is</d=
iv><div><br></div><div>Addition of this functionality matches the user inte=
nt.</div>

<p></p>

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&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;<br />

------=_Part_3792_936000.1367230528048--

.

On 4/29/13, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:
> Problem:
> Change the default value of a default parameter in a function might result
> in a surprising behaviour. The problem is described below.
> Consider the following function declaration & definition
>
> //file1.h
> void foo(int param, type1 value1 = a1, type2 value2 = b1);
>
> //file1.cpp
> #include "file.h"
> void foo(int param, type1 value1, type2 value2) {
>         //implementation
> }
>
> //file2.cpp
> #include "file1.h"
>
> void usefoo() {
>        foo(0, a1, b2); //i want to pass b2 and hence i am passing the
> default value a1 also
> }
>
> It is often the case that during the lifecycle of the software the default
> value is changed to a2 from a1. This necessitates a change in the function
> usefoo(). As there is no compilation error it is very easy to miss this
> error. Even if the person knows that it should be changed it is a
> cumbersome manual process (change it in all the places) and hence error
> prone. This kind of change is not uncommon at all. Days of work gets wasted
>
> due to this.
>
> Solution:
> Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The function call
> becomes
>
> void usefoo() {
>        foo(0, default, b2);
> }
>
> Now, no matter what the change in the default value the usefoo function
> will not produce any surprise. It might seem that the mirror image of the
> problem exists. If a user wants to pass a1 then changing the default value
> to a2 will result in a problem. The problem can be solved like this below.
>
> foo(0, default, b2); // if the user wants to pass whatever the default
> value is
> foo(0, a1, b2);       // if the user wants to pass a1 no matter what the
> default value is
>
> Addition of this functionality matches the user intent.

Default parameters can vary between translation units, which is
not good for code clarity.  They can also cause address-of-function
problems and binary compatibility problems.  An overload set is a
significantly better approach to the problems that default parameters
solve.  I would rather the user wrote function overloads to handle
the various cases.  Mostly, you can do this in an API-compatible
manner.  So, rather than extend a flawed feature, I would rather say
"do not do that".

--
Lawrence Crowl

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--089e0158c76c79501f04db8d54a7
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> Default parameters can vary between translation units, which is
> not good for code clarity.  They can also cause address-of-function
> problems and binary compatibility problems.  An overload set is a
> significantly better approach to the problems that default parameters
> solve.  I would rather the user wrote function overloads to handle
> the various cases.  Mostly, you can do this in an API-compatible
> manner.  So, rather than extend a flawed feature, I would rather say
> "do not do that".
>

Default parameters are a reality and used extensively. Instead of making a
"flawed feature" difficult to work with it makes this "flawed feature"
easier to work with.

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Default parameters can vary between translat=
ion units, which is<br>

not good for code clarity. =A0They can also cause address-of-function<br>
problems and binary compatibility problems. =A0An overload set is a<br>
significantly better approach to the problems that default parameters<br>
solve. =A0I would rather the user wrote function overloads to handle<br>
the various cases. =A0Mostly, you can do this in an API-compatible<br>
manner. =A0So, rather than extend a flawed feature, I would rather say<br>
&quot;do not do that&quot;.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div style>Defau=
lt parameters are a reality and used extensively. Instead of making a &quot=
;flawed feature&quot; difficult to work with it makes this &quot;flawed fea=
ture&quot; easier to work with.=A0</div>
</div></div></div>

<p></p>

-- <br />
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std-proposals/?hl=3Den">http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-pro=
posals/?hl=3Den</a>.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;<br />

--089e0158c76c79501f04db8d54a7--

.

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On Monday, April 29, 2013 10:32:40 PM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
> Default parameters can vary between translation units, which is
>> not good for code clarity.  They can also cause address-of-function
>> problems and binary compatibility problems.  An overload set is a
>> significantly better approach to the problems that default parameters
>> solve.  I would rather the user wrote function overloads to handle
>> the various cases.  Mostly, you can do this in an API-compatible
>> manner.  So, rather than extend a flawed feature, I would rather say
>> "do not do that".
>>
>
> Default parameters are a reality and used extensively. Instead of making a
> "flawed feature" difficult to work with it makes this "flawed feature"
> easier to work with.
>

Personally, I don't think that default parameters are a "flawed feature".
That being said, the flaws discussed are *not* resolved by your suggestion.

Default parameters solve a simple, very specific problem. Function
overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I like that we have
both. And I think that the problem that you intend to solve, with some kind
of "default" parameter, is best solved with the larger, more general
solution.

Also, with `optional`:

void foo(int param, optional<type1> value1, optional<type2> value2) {
  type1 val1 = value1.value_or(a1);
  type2 val2 = value2.value_or(a2);
  //implementation
}

void usefoo() {
       foo(0, nullopt, b2);
}

That seems to take care of the problem.

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On Monday, April 29, 2013 10:32:40 PM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:<b=
lockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;borde=
r-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div class=
=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8=
ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Default parameters can vary=
 between translation units, which is<br>

not good for code clarity. &nbsp;They can also cause address-of-function<br=
>
problems and binary compatibility problems. &nbsp;An overload set is a<br>
significantly better approach to the problems that default parameters<br>
solve. &nbsp;I would rather the user wrote function overloads to handle<br>
the various cases. &nbsp;Mostly, you can do this in an API-compatible<br>
manner. &nbsp;So, rather than extend a flawed feature, I would rather say<b=
r>
"do not do that".<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Default parameters ar=
e a reality and used extensively. Instead of making a "flawed feature" diff=
icult to work with it makes this "flawed feature" easier to work with.&nbsp=
;</div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br>Personally, I don't think th=
at default parameters are a "flawed feature". That being said, the flaws di=
scussed are <i>not</i> resolved by your suggestion.<br><br>Default paramete=
rs solve a simple, very specific problem. Function overloading solves a lar=
ger, more general problem. I like that we have both. And I think that the p=
roblem that you intend to solve, with some kind of "default" parameter, is =
best solved with the larger, more general solution.<br><br>Also, with `opti=
onal`:<br><br><div class=3D"prettyprint" style=3D"background-color: rgb(250=
, 250, 250); border-color: rgb(187, 187, 187); border-style: solid; border-=
width: 1px; word-wrap: break-word;"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div class=
=3D"subprettyprint"><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettif=
y">void</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> fo=
o</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><=
span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span st=
yle=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> param</span><span style=
=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color=
: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> optional</span><span style=3D"color:=
 #080;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">&lt;type1&gt;</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> value1</span><span style=3D"color:=
 #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" c=
lass=3D"styled-by-prettify"> optional</span><span style=3D"color: #080;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify">&lt;type2&gt;</span><span style=3D"color: #000;"=
 class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> value2</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=
<br>&nbsp; type1 val1 </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify">=3D</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prett=
ify"> value1</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
">.</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">value_o=
r</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><=
span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">a1</span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">);</span><span style=3D"co=
lor: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br>&nbsp; type2 val2 </span><span=
 style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=3D</span><span style=
=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> value2</span><span style=3D=
"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">.</span><span style=3D"color: #=
000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">value_or</span><span style=3D"color: #66=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">a2</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">);</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pr=
ettify"><br>&nbsp; </span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">//implementation</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">}</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=
<br><br></span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">vo=
id</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> usefoo<=
/span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">()</span><s=
pan style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=
=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color=
: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</s=
pan><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span=
 style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D=
"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #=
000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> nullopt</span><span style=3D"color: #66=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"> b2</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"sty=
led-by-prettify">);</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettif=
y">}</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></=
span></div></code></div><br>That seems to take care of the problem.<br></di=
v>

<p></p>

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posals/?hl=3Den</a>.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;<br />

------=_Part_1230_30249893.1367304230614--

.

--089e014939480adb8b04db8f5932
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> Personally, I don't think that default parameters are a "flawed feature".
> That being said, the flaws discussed are *not* resolved by your
> suggestion.
>
> Default parameters solve a simple, very specific problem. Function
> overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I like that we have
> both. And I think that the problem that you intend to solve, with some kind
> of "default" parameter, is best solved with the larger, more general
> solution.
>
> Also, with `optional`:
>
> void foo(int param, optional<type1> value1, optional<type2> value2) {
>   type1 val1 = value1.value_or(a1);
>   type2 val2 = value2.value_or(a2);
>   //implementation
> }
>
> void usefoo() {
>        foo(0, nullopt, b2);
> }
>
> That seems to take care of the problem.
>
>
This does not work.

//foo.h
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);

//foo.cpp
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
   //Is param1 value1 or value3?
}

//usefoo1.cpp
void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value1, type2 param2);
void usefoo1() {
     foo(1);
}

//usefoo2.cpp
void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value3, type2 param2);
void usefoo2() {
     foo(1);
}

From the above example it is clear that the caller decides the default
values with the function based on the latest declaration that is available
to it. So foo() cannot decide the default values.

Regarding the Lawrence' comment that default parameters being unnecessary:
We need to define as many overloaded functions as the number of default
parameters. Besides it will be hidden in the source and will not be
available if only the headers are available.

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
<div>Personally, I don&#39;t think that default parameters are a &quot;flaw=
ed feature&quot;. That being said, the flaws discussed are <i>not</i> resol=
ved by your suggestion.<br><br>Default parameters solve a simple, very spec=
ific problem. Function overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I=
 like that we have both. And I think that the problem that you intend to so=
lve, with some kind of &quot;default&quot; parameter, is best solved with t=
he larger, more general solution.<br>
<br>Also, with `optional`:<br><br><div style=3D"background-color:rgb(250,25=
0,250);border:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-word"><code><div><=
span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span style> foo</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">in=
t</span><span style> param</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</sp=
an><span style> optional</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,136,0)">&lt;type1=
&gt;</span><span style> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,=
</span><span style> optional</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,136,0)">&lt;t=
ype2&gt;</span><span style> value2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0=
)">)</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span=
><span style><br>
=A0 type1 val1 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><span =
style> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">.</span><span styl=
e>value_or</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style>a=
1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span style><br>
=A0 type2 val2 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><span =
style> value2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">.</span><span styl=
e>value_or</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style>a=
2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span style><br>
=A0 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//implementation</span><span =
style><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span style><=
br><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span style> us=
efoo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">()</span><span style> </spa=
n><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span style><br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span=
 style=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">0</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)=
">,</span><span style> nullopt</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,=
</span><span style> b2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span>=
<span style><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span style><br></span>=
</div></code></div><br>That seems to take care of the problem.<br></div><di=
v class=3D""><div class=3D"h5">

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" =
style>This does not work.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style><br></div><=
div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>//foo.h</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" sty=
le>
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 =3D value2);<br></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra" style><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">//foo.cpp</div>=
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_extra">void foo(int a, type1=
 param1, type2 param2) {<br>
</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>=A0 =A0//Is param1 value1 or value3?=
</div><div>}</div><div><br></div></div><div>//usefoo1.cpp</div><div>void fo=
o(int a, type1 param1 =3D value1, type2 param2);<br></div><div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra">
void usefoo1() {<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">=A0 =A0 =A0foo(1);</di=
v><div class=3D"gmail_extra">}</div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>=
<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>//usefoo2.cpp<br></div><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_extra" style>
<div style>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =3D value3, type2 param2);<br></div=
><div style><div class=3D"gmail_extra">void usefoo2() {<br></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra" style>=A0 =A0 =A0foo(1);</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" s=
tyle>}</div>
<div><br></div><div style>From the above example it is clear that the calle=
r decides the default values with the function based on the latest declarat=
ion that is available to it. So foo() cannot decide the default values.</di=
v>
<div style><br></div><div style>Regarding the Lawrence&#39; comment that de=
fault parameters being unnecessary: We need to define as many overloaded fu=
nctions as the number of default parameters. Besides it will be hidden in t=
he source and will not be available if only the headers are available.</div=
>
</div></div></div>

<p></p>

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.

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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 12:57:07 AM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
> Personally, I don't think that default parameters are a "flawed feature".
>> That being said, the flaws discussed are *not* resolved by your
>> suggestion.
>>
>> Default parameters solve a simple, very specific problem. Function
>> overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I like that we have
>> both. And I think that the problem that you intend to solve, with some kind
>> of "default" parameter, is best solved with the larger, more general
>> solution.
>>
>> Also, with `optional`:
>>
>> void foo(int param, optional<type1> value1, optional<type2> value2) {
>>   type1 val1 = value1.value_or(a1);
>>   type2 val2 = value2.value_or(a2);
>>   //implementation
>> }
>>
>> void usefoo() {
>>        foo(0, nullopt, b2);
>> }
>>
>> That seems to take care of the problem.
>>
>>
> This does not work.
>
//foo.h
> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);
>
> //foo.cpp
> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
>    //Is param1 value1 or value3?
> }
>
> //usefoo1.cpp
> void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value1, type2 param2);
> void usefoo1() {
>      foo(1);
> }
>
> //usefoo2.cpp
> void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value3, type2 param2);
> void usefoo2() {
>      foo(1);
> }
>

Yes, that doesn't work. I agree. *And it should never work.*

Re-declaring functions with different default parameters is a *horrible idea
*. Default parameters should be considered part of a function's interface.

What you're trying to do is a wrong thing. Default parameters are a tool
for the person implementing the function, not for person *calling* it. If
you want to have some helper function in a source file that uses other
defaults that are local to that source file, the declare a helper function
that fills in the default for you:

//foo.h
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);
//foo.cpp
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
   //Is param1 value1 or value3?
}
//usefoo1.cpp
static void usefoo1() {
     foo(1, value1);
}
//usefoo2.cpp
static void usefoo2() {
     foo(1, value3);
}

See? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, and any compiler
worth using will likely inline them for you.

The C++ committee ought not add features to support this usage pattern for
default parameters.

--

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On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 12:57:07 AM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:<=
blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;bord=
er-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px=
 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-=
left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div>Personally, I don't think that default parameters are a "flawed featur=
e". That being said, the flaws discussed are <i>not</i> resolved by your su=
ggestion.<br><br>Default parameters solve a simple, very specific problem. =
Function overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I like that we =
have both. And I think that the problem that you intend to solve, with some=
 kind of "default" parameter, is best solved with the larger, more general =
solution.<br>
<br>Also, with `optional`:<br><br><div style=3D"background-color:rgb(250,25=
0,250);border:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-word"><code><div><=
span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> foo</span><span style=
=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">int</s=
pan><span> param</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> =
optional</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,136,0)">&lt;type1&gt;</span><span=
> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> optional=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,136,0)">&lt;type2&gt;</span><span> value2=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">)</span><span> </span><span sty=
le=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span><br>
&nbsp; type1 val1 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><sp=
an> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">.</span><span>value_o=
r</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span>a1</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span><br>
&nbsp; type2 val2 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><sp=
an> value2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">.</span><span>value_o=
r</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span>a2</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span><br>
&nbsp; </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//implementation</span><sp=
an><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span><br><br></=
span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> usefoo</span><spa=
n style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">()</span><span> </span><span style=3D"colo=
r:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span><br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">0</span><span style=3D"color:rg=
b(102,102,0)">,</span><span> nullopt</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102=
,0)">,</span><span> b2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span>=
<span><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span><br></span></div>=
</code></div><br>That seems to take care of the problem.<br></div><div><div=
>

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div><br></div><div>This does not work.</d=
iv></div></blockquote><div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D=
"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex=
;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div></div><div>//foo.h</div><div>
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 =3D value2);<br></div><div><br><=
/div><div>//foo.cpp</div><div><div>void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 para=
m2) {<br>
</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp;//Is param1 value1 or value3?</div><div>}</div><div=
><br></div></div><div>//usefoo1.cpp</div><div>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =
=3D value1, type2 param2);<br></div><div><div>
void usefoo1() {<br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(1);</div><div>}</div=
></div><div><br></div><div>//usefoo2.cpp<br></div><div>
<div>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =3D value3, type2 param2);<br></div><div>=
<div>void usefoo2() {<br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(1);</div><div>}=
</div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br>Yes, that doesn't work. I agr=
ee. <i>And it should never work.</i><br><br>Re-declaring functions with dif=
ferent default parameters is a <i>horrible idea</i>. Default parameters sho=
uld be considered part of a function's interface.<br><br>What
 you're trying to do is a wrong thing. Default parameters are a tool for th=
e person implementing the function, not for person <i>calling</i> it. If yo=
u want to have some helper=20
function in a source file that uses other defaults that are local to that s=
ource file, the declare a helper function that fills in the default for you=
:<br><br><div class=3D"prettyprint" style=3D"background-color: rgb(250, 250=
, 250); border-color: rgb(187, 187, 187); border-style: solid; border-width=
: 1px; word-wrap: break-word;"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div class=3D"su=
bprettyprint"><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//f=
oo.h</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></=
span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><=
span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> foo</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #=
000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> a</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify"> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify"> type2 param2 </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">=3D</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify"> value2</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify">);</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><b=
r></span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//foo.cp=
p</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> foo</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #000=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> a</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify"> type2 param2</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettif=
y"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br>&nbsp; &nbs=
p;</span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//Is par=
am1 value1 or value3?</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prett=
ify">}</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br>=
</span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//usefoo1.=
cpp</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></s=
pan><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">static</span>=
<span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><span style=3D"=
color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> usefoo1</span><span style=3D"co=
lor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">()</span><span style=3D"color: #00=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">1</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify"> value1</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettif=
y">);</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br><=
/span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//usefoo2.cpp</span><span =
style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=
=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">static</span><span style=3D"=
color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #0=
08;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" c=
lass=3D"styled-by-prettify"> usefoo2</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" cla=
ss=3D"styled-by-prettify">()</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"sty=
led-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-pr=
ettify">1</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,=
</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> value3</s=
pan><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">);</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span></div></code></div><br>Se=
e? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, and any compiler wo=
rth using will likely inline them for you.<br><br>The C++ committee ought n=
ot add features to support this usage pattern for default parameters.</div>

<p></p>

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&nbsp;<br />
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------=_Part_3196_24472530.1367314900872--

.

--001a11c26804356b2204db91ff89
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

> Yes, that doesn't work. I agree. *And it should never work.*
>
> Re-declaring functions with different default parameters is a *horrible
> idea*. Default parameters should be considered part of a function's
> interface.
>
> I personally do not like to re-declare functions like that. But it's the
choice of the individual.


> What you're trying to do is a wrong thing. Default parameters are a tool
> for the person implementing the function, not for person *calling* it. If
> you want to have some helper function in a source file that uses other
> defaults that are local to that source file, the declare a helper function
> that fills in the default for you:
>

I just pointed out that solution proposed in your previous email does not
work in that case. There are lot of existing APIs which do not follow your
solution and they will be difficult to use. Whereas using default middle
parameter makes it easy to use.


>
> //foo.h
> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);
> //foo.cpp
> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
>    //Is param1 value1 or value3?
> }
> //usefoo1.cpp
> static void usefoo1() {
>      foo(1, value1);
> }
> //usefoo2.cpp
> static void usefoo2() {
>      foo(1, value3);
> }
>
> See? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, and any compiler
> worth using will likely inline them for you.
>
> The C++ committee ought not add features to support this usage pattern for
> default parameters.
>
> Default middle parameter proposal neither encourages nor discourages such
usage pattern. If such a pattern should not be supported then that should
be deprecated and removed subsequently instead of allowing the users to do
it and also making it difficult to do it. The use case for this proposal is
not this re-declaration case. It is just that it makes it easy to use that
function.
void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value1, type2 param2 = value2);
Assume that 50% of the users set param1 to value3 and want default value
for param2 and the rest set param2 to value4 and want default value for
param1. Because of the order of the declaration of parameters only 50% of
the users will find it easier to use. The other 50% will not find it easier
to use. It makes it easy for all to use. Any change in the default value
will be automatically taken care of. Otherwise such a change forces a
change everywhere which is cumbersome and error prone.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
<div>Yes, that doesn&#39;t work. I agree. <i>And it should never work.</i><=
br><br>Re-declaring functions with different default parameters is a <i>hor=
rible idea</i>. Default parameters should be considered part of a function&=
#39;s interface.<br>
<br></div></blockquote><div>I personally do not like to re-declare function=
s like that. But it&#39;s the choice of the individual.=A0</div><div>=A0</d=
iv><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;bord=
er-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:soli=
d;padding-left:1ex">
<div>What
 you&#39;re trying to do is a wrong thing. Default parameters are a tool fo=
r the person implementing the function, not for person <i>calling</i> it. I=
f you want to have some helper=20
function in a source file that uses other defaults that are local to that s=
ource file, the declare a helper function that fills in the default for you=
:<br></div></blockquote><div style><br></div><div style>I just pointed out =
that solution proposed in your previous email does not work in that case. T=
here are lot of existing APIs which do not follow your solution and they wi=
ll be difficult to use. Whereas using default middle parameter makes it eas=
y to use.</div>
<div style>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);borde=
r-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><br><div style=3D"background-colo=
r:rgb(250,250,250);border:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-word">
<code><div><div class=3D"im"><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//foo.h</sp=
an><span style><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><sp=
an style> foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span styl=
e=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">int</span><span style> a</span><span style=3D"colo=
r:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span style> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"co=
lor:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span style> type2 param2 </span><span style=3D=
"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><span style> value2</span><span style=3D"c=
olor:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span style><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//foo.cpp</span><span style><br><=
/span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span style> foo</span>=
<span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,1=
36)">int</span><span style> a</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,<=
/span><span style> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=
,</span><span style> type2 param2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)=
">)</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span>=
<span style><br>
=A0 =A0</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//Is param1 value1 or valu=
e3?</span><span style><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</sp=
an><span style><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//usefoo1.cpp<=
/span><span style><br>
</span></div><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">static</span><span style> <=
/span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span style> usefoo1</s=
pan><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">()</span><span style> </span><span=
 style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span style><br>
=A0 =A0 =A0foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span sty=
le=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,<=
/span><span style> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</sp=
an><span style><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span style><br></span>=
<span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//usefoo2.cpp</span><span style><br></sp=
an><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">static</span><span style> </span><spa=
n style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span style> usefoo2</span><span =
style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">()</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"=
color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span style><br>
=A0 =A0 =A0foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span sty=
le=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,<=
/span><span style> value3</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</sp=
an><span style><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span style><br></span>=
</div></code></div><br>See? That wasn&#39;t hard. Your default parameters a=
re there, and any compiler worth using will likely inline them for you.<br>
<br>The C++ committee ought not add features to support this usage pattern =
for default parameters.</div><div class=3D""><div class=3D"h5">

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div>Default middle parameter proposal nei=
ther encourages nor discourages such usage pattern. If such a pattern shoul=
d not be supported then that should be deprecated and removed subsequently =
instead of allowing the users to do it and also making it difficult to do i=
t. The use case for this proposal is not this re-declaration case. It is ju=
st that it makes it easy to use that function.</div>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =3D value1, t=
ype2 param2 =3D value2);</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Assume that 50% of=
 the users set param1 to value3 and want default value for param2 and the r=
est set param2 to value4 and want default value for param1. Because of the =
order of the declaration of parameters only 50% of the users will find it e=
asier to use. The other 50% will not find it easier to use. It makes it eas=
y for all to use. Any change in the default value will be automatically tak=
en care of. Otherwise such a change forces a change everywhere which is cum=
bersome and error prone.</div>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>Regar=
ds,</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>Hariharan S<br><br></div></div>

<p></p>

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--001a11c26804356b2204db91ff89--

.

------=_Part_4253_18199150.1367323846713
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

I don't agree that default parameters are a tool for the person
implementing the function. They are a tool for the person calling it. You
could add default parameters to a function without changing a line of its
implementation. It does not make the implementation easier (other than
ensuring that the parameter is always defined), it makes the calling more
convenient.

This also why I do not like the idea of using optional in place of default
parameters. With optional, you hide the default value and you resolve it at
runtime instead of compile time. You could change the value used as default
and I would never know. By doing so, you might even break my code.
Providing several overrides also hides the default parameters value, so it
is almost the same but without the runtime penalty.

Best regards,
Vincent

On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 11:41:40 AM UTC+2, Nicol Bolas wrote:
>
> On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 12:57:07 AM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>>
>> Personally, I don't think that default parameters are a "flawed feature".
>>> That being said, the flaws discussed are *not* resolved by your
>>> suggestion.
>>>
>>> Default parameters solve a simple, very specific problem. Function
>>> overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I like that we have
>>> both. And I think that the problem that you intend to solve, with some kind
>>> of "default" parameter, is best solved with the larger, more general
>>> solution.
>>>
>>> Also, with `optional`:
>>>
>>> void foo(int param, optional<type1> value1, optional<type2> value2) {
>>>   type1 val1 = value1.value_or(a1);
>>>   type2 val2 = value2.value_or(a2);
>>>   //implementation
>>> }
>>>
>>> void usefoo() {
>>>        foo(0, nullopt, b2);
>>> }
>>>
>>> That seems to take care of the problem.
>>>
>>>
>> This does not work.
>>
> //foo.h
>> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);
>>
>> //foo.cpp
>> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
>>    //Is param1 value1 or value3?
>> }
>>
>> //usefoo1.cpp
>> void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value1, type2 param2);
>> void usefoo1() {
>>      foo(1);
>> }
>>
>> //usefoo2.cpp
>> void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value3, type2 param2);
>> void usefoo2() {
>>      foo(1);
>> }
>>
>
> Yes, that doesn't work. I agree. *And it should never work.*
>
> Re-declaring functions with different default parameters is a *horrible
> idea*. Default parameters should be considered part of a function's
> interface.
>
> What you're trying to do is a wrong thing. Default parameters are a tool
> for the person implementing the function, not for person *calling* it. If
> you want to have some helper function in a source file that uses other
> defaults that are local to that source file, the declare a helper function
> that fills in the default for you:
>
> //foo.h
> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);
> //foo.cpp
> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
>    //Is param1 value1 or value3?
> }
> //usefoo1.cpp
> static void usefoo1() {
>      foo(1, value1);
> }
> //usefoo2.cpp
> static void usefoo2() {
>      foo(1, value3);
> }
>
> See? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, and any compiler
> worth using will likely inline them for you.
>
> The C++ committee ought not add features to support this usage pattern for
> default parameters.
>

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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I don't agree that default parameters are a tool for the person implementin=
g the function. They are a tool for the person calling it. You could add de=
fault parameters to a function without changing a line of its implementatio=
n. It does not make the implementation easier (other than ensuring that the=
 parameter is always defined), it makes the calling more convenient.<div><b=
r></div><div>This also why I do not like the idea of using optional in plac=
e of default parameters. With optional, you hide the default value and you =
resolve it at runtime instead of compile time. You could change the value u=
sed as default and I would never know. By doing so, you might even break my=
 code.</div><div>Providing several overrides also hides the default paramet=
ers value, so it is almost the same but without the runtime penalty.<br></d=
iv><div><br></div><div>Best regards,<br></div><div>Vincent</div><div><br>On=
 Tuesday, April 30, 2013 11:41:40 AM UTC+2, Nicol Bolas wrote:<blockquote c=
lass=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px=
 #ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex;">On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 12:57:07 AM UTC-=
7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"m=
argin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div=
 dir=3D"ltr"><div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quo=
te" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-col=
or:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div>Personally, I don't think that default parameters are a "flawed featur=
e". That being said, the flaws discussed are <i>not</i> resolved by your su=
ggestion.<br><br>Default parameters solve a simple, very specific problem. =
Function overloading solves a larger, more general problem. I like that we =
have both. And I think that the problem that you intend to solve, with some=
 kind of "default" parameter, is best solved with the larger, more general =
solution.<br>
<br>Also, with `optional`:<br><br><div style=3D"background-color:rgb(250,25=
0,250);border:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-word"><code><div><=
span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> foo</span><span style=
=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">int</s=
pan><span> param</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> =
optional</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,136,0)">&lt;type1&gt;</span><span=
> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> optional=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,136,0)">&lt;type2&gt;</span><span> value2=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">)</span><span> </span><span sty=
le=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span><br>
&nbsp; type1 val1 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><sp=
an> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">.</span><span>value_o=
r</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span>a1</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span><br>
&nbsp; type2 val2 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><sp=
an> value2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">.</span><span>value_o=
r</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span>a2</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span><br>
&nbsp; </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//implementation</span><sp=
an><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span><br><br></=
span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> usefoo</span><spa=
n style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">()</span><span> </span><span style=3D"colo=
r:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span><br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">0</span><span style=3D"color:rg=
b(102,102,0)">,</span><span> nullopt</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102=
,0)">,</span><span> b2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span>=
<span><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span><br></span></div>=
</code></div><br>That seems to take care of the problem.<br></div><div><div=
>

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div><br></div><div>This does not work.</d=
iv></div></blockquote><div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D=
"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><d=
iv dir=3D"ltr"><div></div><div>//foo.h</div><div>
void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 =3D value2);<br></div><div><br><=
/div><div>//foo.cpp</div><div><div>void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 para=
m2) {<br>
</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp;//Is param1 value1 or value3?</div><div>}</div><div=
><br></div></div><div>//usefoo1.cpp</div><div>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =
=3D value1, type2 param2);<br></div><div><div>
void usefoo1() {<br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(1);</div><div>}</div=
></div><div><br></div><div>//usefoo2.cpp<br></div><div>
<div>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =3D value3, type2 param2);<br></div><div>=
<div>void usefoo2() {<br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(1);</div><div>}=
</div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br>Yes, that doesn't work. I agr=
ee. <i>And it should never work.</i><br><br>Re-declaring functions with dif=
ferent default parameters is a <i>horrible idea</i>. Default parameters sho=
uld be considered part of a function's interface.<br><br>What
 you're trying to do is a wrong thing. Default parameters are a tool for th=
e person implementing the function, not for person <i>calling</i> it. If yo=
u want to have some helper=20
function in a source file that uses other defaults that are local to that s=
ource file, the declare a helper function that fills in the default for you=
:<br><br><div style=3D"background-color:rgb(250,250,250);border-color:rgb(1=
87,187,187);border-style:solid;border-width:1px;word-wrap:break-word"><code=
><div><span style=3D"color:#800">//foo.h</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><=
br></span><span style=3D"color:#008">void</span><span style=3D"color:#000">=
 foo</span><span style=3D"color:#660">(</span><span style=3D"color:#008">in=
t</span><span style=3D"color:#000"> a</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</s=
pan><span style=3D"color:#000"> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"color:#66=
0">,</span><span style=3D"color:#000"> type2 param2 </span><span style=3D"c=
olor:#660">=3D</span><span style=3D"color:#000"> value2</span><span style=
=3D"color:#660">);</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span><span style=
=3D"color:#800">//foo.cpp</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span><span=
 style=3D"color:#008">void</span><span style=3D"color:#000"> foo</span><spa=
n style=3D"color:#660">(</span><span style=3D"color:#008">int</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:#000"> a</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style=
=3D"color:#000"> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><spa=
n style=3D"color:#000"> type2 param2</span><span style=3D"color:#660">)</sp=
an><span style=3D"color:#000"> </span><span style=3D"color:#660">{</span><s=
pan style=3D"color:#000"><br>&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=3D"color:#800"=
>//Is param1 value1 or value3?</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span>=
<span style=3D"color:#660">}</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span><s=
pan style=3D"color:#800">//usefoo1.cpp</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br=
></span><span style=3D"color:#008">static</span><span style=3D"color:#000">=
 </span><span style=3D"color:#008">void</span><span style=3D"color:#000"> u=
sefoo1</span><span style=3D"color:#660">()</span><span style=3D"color:#000"=
> </span><span style=3D"color:#660">{</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br>=
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color:#660">(</span><span styl=
e=3D"color:#066">1</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style=3D"=
color:#000"> value1</span><span style=3D"color:#660">);</span><span style=
=3D"color:#000"><br></span><span style=3D"color:#660">}</span><span style=
=3D"color:#000"><br></span><span style=3D"color:#800">//usefoo2.cpp</span><=
span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span><span style=3D"color:#008">static</spa=
n><span style=3D"color:#000"> </span><span style=3D"color:#008">void</span>=
<span style=3D"color:#000"> usefoo2</span><span style=3D"color:#660">()</sp=
an><span style=3D"color:#000"> </span><span style=3D"color:#660">{</span><s=
pan style=3D"color:#000"><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"c=
olor:#660">(</span><span style=3D"color:#066">1</span><span style=3D"color:=
#660">,</span><span style=3D"color:#000"> value3</span><span style=3D"color=
:#660">);</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span><span style=3D"color:=
#660">}</span><span style=3D"color:#000"><br></span></div></code></div><br>=
See? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, and any compiler =
worth using will likely inline them for you.<br><br>The C++ committee ought=
 not add features to support this usage pattern for default parameters.</di=
v></blockquote></div>

<p></p>

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------=_Part_4913_12591903.1367325063771
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 4:06:45 AM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
>
> Yes, that doesn't work. I agree. *And it should never work.*
>>
>> Re-declaring functions with different default parameters is a *horrible
>> idea*. Default parameters should be considered part of a function's
>> interface.
>>
>> I personally do not like to re-declare functions like that. But it's the
> choice of the individual.
>

It's only a "choice of the individual" because of the limitations of the
C++ language. It was never the intent of the language to allow users to
arbitrarily re-declare default parameters like that. It is simply an
outgrowth of what is possible, as necessitated by the way the language
works.

To make default parameters operate as efficiently as non-default
parameters, it was necessary for them to be something that is part of the
function declaration. That way, the compilation of the calling source code
would fill in the extra parameters, rather than some centralized code.
Coupled with the fact that the function definition is not linked to these
default parameters (it's not a part of the function's type), it becomes
possible to re-declare functions with different default parameters.

This was not what was intended. It's merely an outgrowth, an accident.

It should not be supported or encouraged.

 //foo.h
>> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2);
>> //foo.cpp
>> void foo(int a, type1 param1, type2 param2) {
>>    //Is param1 value1 or value3?
>> }
>> //usefoo1.cpp
>> static void usefoo1() {
>>      foo(1, value1);
>> }
>> //usefoo2.cpp
>> static void usefoo2() {
>>      foo(1, value3);
>> }
>>
>> See? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, and any
>> compiler worth using will likely inline them for you.
>>
>> The C++ committee ought not add features to support this usage pattern
>> for default parameters.
>>
>> Default middle parameter proposal neither encourages nor discourages such
> usage pattern. If such a pattern should not be supported then that should
> be deprecated and removed subsequently instead of allowing the users to do
> it and also making it difficult to do it. The use case for this proposal is
> not this re-declaration case. It is just that it makes it easy to use that
> function.
>

But the re-declaration case is *exactly* what makes the optional method not
work. If you remove the silly re-declaration stuff, then the optional
method would work perfectly fine.

So if your use case is not about re-declaration, then why is it that
`optional` won't solve the problem?

(FYI: the correct answer to the question I just asked is, "what do you do
about *reference* parameters, like `const T&`?")


> void foo(int a, type1 param1 = value1, type2 param2 = value2);
> Assume that 50% of the users set param1 to value3 and want default value
> for param2 and the rest set param2 to value4 and want default value for
> param1. Because of the order of the declaration of parameters only 50% of
> the users will find it easier to use.
>

Or they can just use `foo(val, nullopt, value4);` with the previously
discussed `optional` method. See? It's the re-declaration that made the
optional method fail.

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On Tuesday, April 30, 2013 4:06:45 AM UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:<b=
lockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;borde=
r-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div><div c=
lass=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);bord=
er-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div>Yes, that doesn't work. I agree. <i>And it should never work.</i><br><=
br>Re-declaring functions with different default parameters is a <i>horribl=
e idea</i>. Default parameters should be considered part of a function's in=
terface.<br>
<br></div></blockquote><div>I personally do not like to re-declare function=
s like that. But it's the choice of the individual.</div></div></div></div>=
</blockquote><div><br>It's only a "choice of the individual" because of the=
 limitations of the C++ language. It was never the intent of the language t=
o allow users to arbitrarily re-declare default parameters like that. It is=
 simply an outgrowth of what is possible, as necessitated by the way the la=
nguage works.<br><br>To make default parameters operate as efficiently as n=
on-default parameters, it was necessary for them to be something that is pa=
rt of the function declaration. That way, the compilation of the calling so=
urce code would fill in the extra parameters, rather than some centralized =
code. Coupled with the fact that the function definition is not linked to t=
hese default parameters (it's not a part of the function's type), it become=
s possible to re-declare functions with different default parameters.<br><b=
r>This was not what was intended. It's merely an outgrowth, an accident.<br=
><br>It should not be supported or encouraged.<br><br></div><blockquote cla=
ss=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #=
ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex"><div><div style=3D"background-color:rgb(250,250,250);borde=
r:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-word">
<code><div><div><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//foo.h</span><span><br>=
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> foo</span><span=
 style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">=
int</span><span> a</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span=
> type1 param1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> ty=
pe2 param2 </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">=3D</span><span> val=
ue2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);</span><span><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//foo.cpp</span><span><br></span>=
<span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> foo</span><span style=
=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">int</s=
pan><span> a</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> type=
1 param1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">,</span><span> type2 pa=
ram2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">)</span><span> </span><span=
 style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span><span><br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//Is param1 value1 o=
r value3?</span><span><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</sp=
an><span><br></span><span style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//usefoo1.cpp</span>=
<span><br>
</span></div><span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">static</span><span> </span>=
<span style=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> usefoo1</span><span st=
yle=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">()</span><span> </span><span style=3D"color:rg=
b(102,102,0)">{</span><span><br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span>=
<span style=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,1=
02,0)">,</span><span> value1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);<=
/span><span><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span><br></span><span =
style=3D"color:rgb(136,0,0)">//usefoo2.cpp</span><span><br></span><span sty=
le=3D"color:rgb(0,0,136)">static</span><span> </span><span style=3D"color:r=
gb(0,0,136)">void</span><span> usefoo2</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,1=
02,0)">()</span><span> </span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">{</span>=
<span><br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">(</span>=
<span style=3D"color:rgb(0,102,102)">1</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,1=
02,0)">,</span><span> value3</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">);<=
/span><span><br>
</span><span style=3D"color:rgb(102,102,0)">}</span><span><br></span></div>=
</code></div><br>See? That wasn't hard. Your default parameters are there, =
and any compiler worth using will likely inline them for you.<br>
<br>The C++ committee ought not add features to support this usage pattern =
for default parameters.</div><div><div>

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div>Default middle parameter proposal nei=
ther encourages nor discourages such usage pattern. If such a pattern shoul=
d not be supported then that should be deprecated and removed subsequently =
instead of allowing the users to do it and also making it difficult to do i=
t. The use case for this proposal is not this re-declaration case. It is ju=
st that it makes it easy to use that function.</div></div></blockquote><div=
><br>But the re-declaration case is <i>exactly</i> what makes the optional =
method not work. If you remove the silly re-declaration stuff, then the opt=
ional method would work perfectly fine.<br><br>So if your use case is not a=
bout re-declaration, then why is it that `optional` won't solve the problem=
?<br><br>(FYI: the correct answer to the question I just asked is, "what do=
 you do about <i>reference</i> parameters, like `const T&amp;`?")<br>&nbsp;=
</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8=
ex;border-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr">
<div>void foo(int a, type1 param1 =3D value1, type2 param2 =3D value2);</di=
v><div>Assume that 50% of the users set param1 to value3 and want default v=
alue for param2 and the rest set param2 to value4 and want default value fo=
r param1. Because of the order of the declaration of parameters only 50% of=
 the users will find it easier to use.</div></div></blockquote><div><br>Or =
they can just use `foo(val, nullopt, value4);` with the previously discusse=
d `optional` method. See? It's the re-declaration that made the optional me=
thod fail.</div>

<p></p>

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> It's only a "choice of the individual" because of the limitations of the
> C++ language. It was never the intent of the language to allow users to
> arbitrarily re-declare default parameters like that. It is simply an
> outgrowth of what is possible, as necessitated by the way the language
> works.
>
> It is neither an accident nor an outgrowth. It was a well intended move.
Otherwise they could have avoided the re-declaration by making it a
compiler error.

void foo(int, type1 param1, type2 param2 = value2); //original declaration
void foo(int, type1 param1 = value1, type2 param2); //re-declaration

It can be seen that the re-declaration adds a default value for param1 and
for param2 it does nothing. This is certainly not an accident. It was
intentional.


> To make default parameters operate as efficiently as non-default
> parameters, it was necessary for them to be something that is part of the
> function declaration. That way, the compilation of the calling source code
> would fill in the extra parameters, rather than some centralized code.
> Coupled with the fact that the function definition is not linked to these
> default parameters (it's not a part of the function's type), it becomes
> possible to re-declare functions with different default parameters.
>
> This was not what was intended. It's merely an outgrowth, an accident.
>
> It should not be supported or encouraged.
>

If a feature is not deprecated i don't see any point in not using it.


>
> But the re-declaration case is *exactly* what makes the optional method
> not work. If you remove the silly re-declaration stuff, then the optional
> method would work perfectly fine.
>
> So if your use case is not about re-declaration, then why is it that
> `optional` won't solve the problem?
>
> (FYI: the correct answer to the question I just asked is, "what do you do
> about *reference* parameters, like `const T&`?")
>
>

The motivation for me to propose is the use case which I mentioned. It so
happens that it works for re-declaration stuff properly. Whereas nullopt
does not work for re-declaration.

Or they can just use `foo(val, nullopt, value4);` with the previously
>> discussed `optional` method. See? It's the re-declaration that made the
>> optional method fail.
>>
> Re-declaration is a valid feature and it is not deprecated. Hence it can
be a reason for default middle parameter scoring over nullopt. Moreover,
nullopt does not work for existing APIs. This is another reason.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
<div>It&#39;s only a &quot;choice of the individual&quot; because of the li=
mitations of the C++ language. It was never the intent of the language to a=
llow users to arbitrarily re-declare default parameters like that. It is si=
mply an outgrowth of what is possible, as necessitated by the way the langu=
age works.<br>
<br></div></blockquote><div>It is neither an accident nor an outgrowth. It =
was a well intended move. Otherwise they could have avoided the re-declarat=
ion by making it a compiler error.</div><div><br></div><div style>void foo(=
int, type1 param1, type2 param2 =3D value2); //original declaration</div>
<div style>void foo(int, type1 param1 =3D value1, type2 param2); //re-decla=
ration</div><div style><br></div><div style>It can be seen that the re-decl=
aration adds a default value for param1 and for param2 it does nothing. Thi=
s is certainly not an accident. It was intentional.=A0</div>
<div>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px=
 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left=
-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div>To make default parameters operate as e=
fficiently as non-default parameters, it was necessary for them to be somet=
hing that is part of the function declaration. That way, the compilation of=
 the calling source code would fill in the extra parameters, rather than so=
me centralized code. Coupled with the fact that the function definition is =
not linked to these default parameters (it&#39;s not a part of the function=
&#39;s type), it becomes possible to re-declare functions with different de=
fault parameters.<br>
<br>This was not what was intended. It&#39;s merely an outgrowth, an accide=
nt.<br><br>It should not be supported or encouraged.<br></div></blockquote>=
<div><br></div><div style>If a feature is not deprecated i don&#39;t see an=
y point in not using it.</div>
<div style>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);borde=
r-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><br></div><div>But the re-declara=
tion case is <i>exactly</i> what makes the optional method not work. If you=
 remove the silly re-declaration stuff, then the optional method would work=
 perfectly fine.<br>
<br>So if your use case is not about re-declaration, then why is it that `o=
ptional` won&#39;t solve the problem?<br><br>(FYI: the correct answer to th=
e question I just asked is, &quot;what do you do about <i>reference</i> par=
ameters, like `const T&amp;`?&quot;)<br>
=A0</div></blockquote><div>=A0</div><div style>The motivation for me to pro=
pose is the use case which I mentioned. It so happens that it works for re-=
declaration stuff properly. Whereas nullopt does not work for re-declaratio=
n.</div>
<div style><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);bord=
er-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im"><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;bo=
rder-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir=3D"ltr">
<div><span style=3D"color:rgb(34,34,34)">Or they can just use `foo(val, nul=
lopt, value4);` with the previously discussed `optional` method. See? It&#3=
9;s the re-declaration that made the optional method fail.</span><br></div>
</div></blockquote></div><div class=3D""><div class=3D"h5">

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div>Re-declaration is a valid feature and=
 it is not deprecated. Hence it can be a reason for default middle paramete=
r scoring over nullopt. Moreover, nullopt does not work for existing APIs. =
This is another reason.</div>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>Regar=
ds,</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>Hariharan S</div><div class=3D"gm=
ail_extra" style><br></div></div>

<p></p>

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&nbsp;<br />
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--001a11c370528d9a2704db93d678--

.

On 4/30/13, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:
> The motivation for me to propose is the use case which I
> mentioned. It so happens that it works for re-declaration stuff
> properly. Whereas nullopt does not work for re-declaration.

Would named arguments meet your need?  E.g.

int foo( type1 arg1=value1, type2 arg2=value2, type3 arg3=value3);

And to use a syntax that I am pretty sure will not work,
foo(arg3 is value4) means foo(value1, value2, value4).

--
Lawrence Crowl

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--001a11c34f4049f3d204db98ba00
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On Tue, Apr 30, 2013 at 11:10 PM, Lawrence Crowl <crowl@googlers.com> wrote:

> On 4/30/13, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:
> > The motivation for me to propose is the use case which I
> > mentioned. It so happens that it works for re-declaration stuff
> > properly. Whereas nullopt does not work for re-declaration.
>
> Would named arguments meet your need?  E.g.
>
> int foo( type1 arg1=value1, type2 arg2=value2, type3 arg3=value3);
>
> And to use a syntax that I am pretty sure will not work,
> foo(arg3 is value4) means foo(value1, value2, value4).
>
>
Named arguments is too powerful a tool for this purpose. It might solve a
bigger problem. For this smaller problem a simple default suffices.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
On Tue, Apr 30, 2013 at 11:10 PM, Lawrence Crowl <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a h=
ref=3D"mailto:crowl@googlers.com" target=3D"_blank">crowl@googlers.com</a>&=
gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im">On 4/30/13, Hariharan Subr=
amanian &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com">tohari@gmail.com</a>&gt; wr=
ote:<br>

&gt; The motivation for me to propose is the use case which I<br>
&gt; mentioned. It so happens that it works for re-declaration stuff<br>
&gt; properly. Whereas nullopt does not work for re-declaration.<br>
<br>
</div>Would named arguments meet your need? =A0E.g.<br>
<br>
int foo( type1 arg1=3Dvalue1, type2 arg2=3Dvalue2, type3 arg3=3Dvalue3);<br=
>
<br>
And to use a syntax that I am pretty sure will not work,<br>
foo(arg3 is value4) means foo(value1, value2, value4).<br><span class=3D"HO=
EnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><br></font></span></blockquote><div style><br=
></div><div style>Named arguments is too powerful a tool for this purpose. =
It might solve a bigger problem. For this smaller problem a simple default =
suffices.</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>Regards,</div><div style>Hariharan S</div><=
/div></div></div>

<p></p>

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--001a11c34f4049f3d204db98ba00--

.

Le 29/04/13 12:15, Hariharan Subramanian a =E9crit :
> Problem:
> Change the default value of a default parameter in a function might=20
> result in a surprising behaviour. The problem is described below.
> Consider the following function declaration & definition
>
> //file1.h
> void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D a1, type2 value2 =3D b1);
>
> //file1.cpp
> #include "file.h"
> void foo(int param, type1 value1, type2 value2) {
>         //implementation
> }
>
> //file2.cpp
> #include "file1.h"
>
> void usefoo() {
>        foo(0, a1, b2); //i want to pass b2 and hence i am passing the=20
> default value a1 also
> }
>
> It is often the case that during the lifecycle of the software the=20
> default value is changed to a2 from a1. This necessitates a change in=20
> the function usefoo(). As there is no compilation error it is very=20
> easy to miss this error. Even if the person knows that it should be=20
> changed it is a cumbersome manual process (change it in all the=20
> places) and hence error prone. This kind of change is not uncommon at=20
> all. Days of work gets wasted due to this.
>
> Solution:
> Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The function=20
> call becomes
>
> void usefoo() {
>        foo(0, default, b2);
> }
This should also work

// header
namespace detail {
   foo_value1_default() {return a1};
}
void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D foo_value1_default(), type2 value2 =3D=
=20
b1);
void foo(int param,  type2 value2 =3D b1) {foo(param,=20
foo_value1_default(), value2);}

//usage
        foo(0);
        foo(0, b1);
        foo(0, b1, b2);
        foo(0, b2);

It requires minor gymnastic for the implementer, but from the user point=20
of view it provides what you where locking for.

Best,
Vicente

--=20

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If my understanding of your solution is correct, the number of functions an
implementer has to write is exponential in the size of the number of
default parameters. I think it's a subset problem.

Regards,
Hariharan S


On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 3:35 AM, Vicente J. Botet Escriba <
vicente.botet@wanadoo.fr> wrote:

> Le 29/04/13 12:15, Hariharan Subramanian a =E9crit :
>
>  Problem:
>> Change the default value of a default parameter in a function might
>> result in a surprising behaviour. The problem is described below.
>> Consider the following function declaration & definition
>>
>> //file1.h
>> void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D a1, type2 value2 =3D b1);
>>
>> //file1.cpp
>> #include "file.h"
>> void foo(int param, type1 value1, type2 value2) {
>>         //implementation
>> }
>>
>> //file2.cpp
>> #include "file1.h"
>>
>> void usefoo() {
>>        foo(0, a1, b2); //i want to pass b2 and hence i am passing the
>> default value a1 also
>> }
>>
>> It is often the case that during the lifecycle of the software the
>> default value is changed to a2 from a1. This necessitates a change in th=
e
>> function usefoo(). As there is no compilation error it is very easy to m=
iss
>> this error. Even if the person knows that it should be changed it is a
>> cumbersome manual process (change it in all the places) and hence error
>> prone. This kind of change is not uncommon at all. Days of work gets was=
ted
>> due to this.
>>
>> Solution:
>> Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The function cal=
l
>> becomes
>>
>> void usefoo() {
>>        foo(0, default, b2);
>> }
>>
> This should also work
>
> // header
> namespace detail {
>   foo_value1_default() {return a1};
> }
> void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D foo_value1_default(), type2 value2 =
=3D
> b1);
> void foo(int param,  type2 value2 =3D b1) {foo(param, foo_value1_default(=
),
> value2);}
>
> //usage
>        foo(0);
>        foo(0, b1);
>        foo(0, b1, b2);
>        foo(0, b2);
>
> It requires minor gymnastic for the implementer, but from the user point
> of view it provides what you where locking for.
>
> Best,
> Vicente
>
>
> --
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<div dir=3D"ltr">If my understanding of your solution is correct, the numbe=
r of functions an implementer has to write is exponential in the size of th=
e number of default parameters. I think it&#39;s a subset problem.<div><br>
</div><div style>Regards,</div><div style>Hariharan S</div></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, May 1, 2013 at =
3:35 AM, Vicente J. Botet Escriba <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:v=
icente.botet@wanadoo.fr" target=3D"_blank">vicente.botet@wanadoo.fr</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Le 29/04/13 12:15, Hariharan Subramanian a =
=E9crit :<div class=3D"im"><br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Problem:<br>
Change the default value of a default parameter in a function might result =
in a surprising behaviour. The problem is described below.<br>
Consider the following function declaration &amp; definition<br>
<br>
//file1.h<br>
void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D a1, type2 value2 =3D b1);<br>
<br>
//file1.cpp<br>
#include &quot;file.h&quot;<br>
void foo(int param, type1 value1, type2 value2) {<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 //implementation<br>
}<br>
<br>
//file2.cpp<br>
#include &quot;file1.h&quot;<br>
<br>
void usefoo() {<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo(0, a1, b2); //i want to pass b2 and hence i am passing t=
he default value a1 also<br>
}<br>
<br>
It is often the case that during the lifecycle of the software the default =
value is changed to a2 from a1. This necessitates a change in the function =
usefoo(). As there is no compilation error it is very easy to miss this err=
or. Even if the person knows that it should be changed it is a cumbersome m=
anual process (change it in all the places) and hence error prone. This kin=
d of change is not uncommon at all. Days of work gets wasted due to this.<b=
r>

<br>
Solution:<br>
Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The function call b=
ecomes<br>
<br>
void usefoo() {<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo(0, default, b2);<br>
}<br>
</blockquote></div>
This should also work<br>
<br>
// header<br>
namespace detail {<br>
=A0 foo_value1_default() {return a1};<br>
}<br>
void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D foo_value1_default(), type2 value2 =3D=
 b1);<br>
void foo(int param, =A0type2 value2 =3D b1) {foo(param, foo_value1_default(=
), value2);}<br>
<br>
//usage<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo(0);<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo(0, b1);<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo(0, b1, b2);<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0foo(0, b2);<br>
<br>
It requires minor gymnastic for the implementer, but from the user point of=
 view it provides what you where locking for.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
Vicente<div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><br>
<br>
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>isocpp.org/group/std-<u></u>proposals/?hl=3Den</a>.<br>
<br>
<br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>

<p></p>

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>
> On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 3:35 AM, Vicente J. Botet Escriba=20
> <vicente.botet@wanadoo.fr <mailto:vicente.botet@wanadoo.fr>> wrote:
>
>     Le 29/04/13 12:15, Hariharan Subramanian a =E9crit :
>
>
>
>         Solution:
>         Introduce the default keyword during the function call. The
>         function call becomes
>
>         void usefoo() {
>                foo(0, default, b2);
>         }
>
>     This should also work
>
>     // header
>     namespace detail {
>       foo_value1_default() {return a1};
>     }
>     void foo(int param, type1 value1 =3D foo_value1_default(), type2
>     value2 =3D b1);
>     void foo(int param,  type2 value2 =3D b1) {foo(param,
>     foo_value1_default(), value2);}
>
>     //usage
>            foo(0);
>            foo(0, b1);
>            foo(0, b1, b2);
>            foo(0, b2);
>
>     It requires minor gymnastic for the implementer, but from the user
>     point of view it provides what you where locking for.
>
>

Le 01/05/13 05:14, Hariharan Subramanian a =E9crit :
> If my understanding of your solution is correct, the number of=20
> functions an implementer has to write is exponential in the size of=20
> the number of default parameters. I think it's a subset problem.
>
>
You are right, if the number of defaulted parameters is big, but I would=20
not try to solve this problem changing the language.

The alternative to avoid all the overload that is close to your default=20
would be for the user to use the foo_value1_default.

        foo(0, foo_value1_default(), b2);

This is less elegant, but do you really think that it is worth changing=20
the language to improve it?

If named parameters were there would you request this feature?

Vicente

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--------------020806040906090201080107
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
      http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
    <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CAE1+Xsb1Aq9+gSeu=6NjHvks3vbMGmkoHJsxDTYW9JZxJ=oTPQ@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 3:35 AM, Vicente
          J. Botet Escriba <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a
              moz-do-not-send="true"
              href="mailto:vicente.botet@wanadoo.fr" target="_blank">vicente.botet@wanadoo.fr</a>&gt;</span>
          wrote:<br>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
            .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Le
            29/04/13 12:15, Hariharan Subramanian a &eacute;crit :
            <div class="im"><br>
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
                .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
                <br>
                <br>
                Solution:<br>
                Introduce the default keyword during the function call.
                The function call becomes<br>
                <br>
                void usefoo() {<br>
                &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0, default, b2);<br>
                }<br>
              </blockquote>
            </div>
            This should also work<br>
            <br>
            // header<br>
            namespace detail {<br>
            &nbsp; foo_value1_default() {return a1};<br>
            }<br>
            void foo(int param, type1 value1 = foo_value1_default(),
            type2 value2 = b1);<br>
            void foo(int param, &nbsp;type2 value2 = b1) {foo(param,
            foo_value1_default(), value2);}<br>
            <br>
            //usage<br>
            &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0);<br>
            &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0, b1);<br>
            &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0, b1, b2);<br>
            &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;foo(0, b2);<br>
            <br>
            It requires minor gymnastic for the implementer, but from
            the user point of view it provides what you where locking
            for.<br>
            <br>
          </blockquote>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Le 01/05/13 05:14, Hariharan
      Subramanian a &eacute;crit&nbsp;:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CAE1+Xsb1Aq9+gSeu=6NjHvks3vbMGmkoHJsxDTYW9JZxJ=oTPQ@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="gmail_extra">If my understanding of your solution is
        correct, the number of functions an implementer has to write is
        exponential in the size of the number of default parameters. I
        think it's a subset problem.
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <br>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    You are right, if the number of defaulted parameters is big, but I
    would not try to solve this problem changing the language.<br>
    <br>
    The alternative to avoid all the overload that is close to your
    default would be for the user to use the foo_value1_default.<br>
    <br>
    &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; foo(0, foo_value1_default(), b2);<br>
    <br>
    This is less elegant, but do you really think that it is worth
    changing the language to improve it?<br>
    <br>
    If named parameters were there would you request this feature?<br>
    <br>
    Vicente
  </body>
</html>

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>
>
>  You are right, if the number of defaulted parameters is big, but I would
> not try to solve this problem changing the language.
>
> The alternative to avoid all the overload that is close to your default
> would be for the user to use the foo_value1_default.
>
>        foo(0, foo_value1_default(), b2);
>
> This is less elegant, but do you really think that it is worth changing
> the language to improve it?
>
>
 I don't think it solves this problem.
1. If foo_value1_default() is to be written by the user of foo then he has
to change it every time the creator of foo changes the default value. This
suffers from the same problem which it tries to solve. (No need to check
the default value. Just pass it automatically)
2. If foo_value1_default() is to be written by the creator of foo then it
will not work for the existing functions. For newer functions the writer of
foo has to ensure a few things.
a) definition of foo_value1_default() should be in the header file (because
it is a problem if the source code is not available and only the header is
available).
b) both the creator of foo and the user of foo must check that the value
returned by foo_value1_default() matches with the one in the function
declaration. This again suffers from the same problem which it tries to
solve. (No need to check the default value. Just pass it automatically)

If named parameters were there would you request this feature?
>

Named parameters solves this problem. But introducing named parameters only
for this would be an overkill. Even otherwise, I think named parameters is
unnecessary. Cannot the IDE simply display the name of the parameter
adjacent to the parameter passed? No need to change the language at all.
Named parameters would have been useful during the 1990s but not now.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blo=
ckquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left=
-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;paddi=
ng-left:1ex">
<div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF" text=3D"#000000"><div class=3D"im"><blockquote typ=
e=3D"cite"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br>
      </div>
    </blockquote></div>
    You are right, if the number of defaulted parameters is big, but I
    would not try to solve this problem changing the language.<br>
    <br>
    The alternative to avoid all the overload that is close to your
    default would be for the user to use the foo_value1_default.<br>
    <br>
    =A0 =A0 =A0=A0 foo(0, foo_value1_default(), b2);<br>
    <br>
    This is less elegant, but do you really think that it is worth
    changing the language to improve it?<br>
    <br></div></blockquote><div style><br></div><div style>=A0I don&#39;t t=
hink it solves this problem.</div><div style>1. If foo_value1_default() is =
to be written by the user of foo then he has to change it every time the cr=
eator of foo changes the default value. This suffers from the same problem =
which it tries to solve.=A0(No need to check the default value. Just pass i=
t automatically)</div>
<div style>2. If foo_value1_default() is to be written by the creator of fo=
o then it will not work for the existing functions. For newer functions the=
 writer of foo has to ensure a few things.</div><div style>a) definition of=
 foo_value1_default() should be in the header file (because it is a problem=
 if the source code is not available and only the header is available).</di=
v>
<div style>b) both the creator of foo and the user of foo must check that t=
he value returned by foo_value1_default() matches with the one in the funct=
ion declaration. This again suffers from the same problem which it tries to=
 solve. (No need to check the default value. Just pass it automatically)</d=
iv>
<div style><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);bord=
er-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF" text=3D"#000=
000">

    If named parameters were there would you request this feature?</div></b=
lockquote><div><br></div><div style>Named parameters solves this problem. B=
ut introducing named parameters only for this would be an overkill. Even ot=
herwise, I think named parameters is unnecessary. Cannot the IDE simply dis=
play the name of the parameter adjacent to the parameter passed? No need to=
 change the language at all. Named parameters would have been useful during=
 the 1990s but not now.</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>Regards,</div><div style>Hariharan S</div><=
div style><br></div></div></div></div>

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I think it's an excellent idea. Simple and obvious. Which means that its
chances of being accepted in this forum are very slim, I'm afraid!

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I think it's an excellent idea. Simple and obvious. Which means that its chances of being accepted in this forum are very slim, I'm afraid!<br><br>

<p></p>

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Thanks for the heads up :).

Regards,
Hariharan S


On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 2:33 PM, <temptony@freemail.hu> wrote:

> I think it's an excellent idea. Simple and obvious. Which means that its
> chances of being accepted in this forum are very slim, I'm afraid!
>
>
>  --
>
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the heads up :).<div><br></div><div style>Regar=
ds,</div><div style>Hariharan S</div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><=
br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 2:33 PM,  <span dir=3D=
"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:temptony@freemail.hu" target=3D"_blank">tempton=
y@freemail.hu</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I think it&#39;s an excellent idea. Simple a=
nd obvious. Which means that its chances of being accepted in this forum ar=
e very slim, I&#39;m afraid!<div class=3D"HOEnZb">
<div class=3D"h5"><br><br>

<p></p>

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.

On 4/30/13, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Apr 30, 2013 Lawrence Crowl <crowl@googlers.com> wrote:
> > On 4/30/13, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > The motivation for me to propose is the use case which I
> > > mentioned. It so happens that it works for re-declaration stuff
> > > properly. Whereas nullopt does not work for re-declaration.
> >
> > Would named arguments meet your need?  E.g.
> >
> > int foo( type1 arg1=value1, type2 arg2=value2, type3 arg3=value3);
> >
> > And to use a syntax that I am pretty sure will not work,
> > foo(arg3 is value4) means foo(value1, value2, value4).
>
> Named arguments is too powerful a tool for this purpose. It
> might solve a bigger problem. For this smaller problem a simple
> default suffices.

One of the tasks of the committee is to balance the value of
new features against the increasing complexity of the language.
Whenever we can serve several different needs with one language
feature, we save everyone considerable effort to learn things.

--
Lawrence Crowl

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On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 4:50 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com>wrote:

>
> Named parameters solves this problem. But introducing named parameters
> only for this would be an overkill. Even otherwise, I think named
> parameters is unnecessary. Cannot the IDE simply display the name of the
> parameter adjacent to the parameter passed? No need to change the language
> at all. Named parameters would have been useful during the 1990s but not
> now.
>
> Regards,
> Hariharan S
>
>
>

The IDE showing names doesn't help much.  The difference is:

foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)
vs
foo(.x = 10, .z = 12)

Some people might find the second easier to read and understand.  (And some
might prefer the first because it doesn't "hide" as much.)

Tony

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail=
_quote">On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 4:50 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <span dir=3D"=
ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">tohari@gmail=
..com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra">=
<div class=3D"gmail_quote"><br><div>Named parameters solves this problem. B=
ut introducing named parameters only for this would be an overkill. Even ot=
herwise, I think named parameters is unnecessary. Cannot the IDE simply dis=
play the name of the parameter adjacent to the parameter passed? No need to=
 change the language at all. Named parameters would have been useful during=
 the 1990s but not now.</div>

<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div>=A0</div></div></blockquote><div><=
br></div><div>The IDE showing names doesn&#39;t help much.=A0 The differenc=
e is:<br>
<br></div><div>foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)<br></div><di=
v>vs<br></div><div>foo(.x =3D 10, .z =3D 12)<br><br></div><div>Some people =
might find the second easier to read and understand.=A0 (And some might pre=
fer the first because it doesn&#39;t &quot;hide&quot; as much.)<br>
<br></div><div>Tony<br></div></div></div></div>

<p></p>

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Why would we have to chose between the proposed idea and named parameters?
Both are interesting. The proposed idea doesn't get in the way of
those preferring named parameters (if they ever get into the standard...).
Personally I like it; it's simple, doesn't add complexity and doesn't get
in the way of anything. It is not because there are workarounds and that we
could live without it that it should not be considered (think about
range-based for loops; they were never "needed" but they were added).
About the proposed idea, two things that cross my mind.

*1. Default for first parameters (and not only last ones).*
It could now also be possible to have default parameters which are not the
last ones. This is something new that I would put in the same proposal. For
example:
void foo(int=0, int=1, int, int, int) {}
foo(default, default, 2, 3, 4);

Of course there would be no way to use those default values without using
the "default" keyword. (or by using the alternate syntax; see 2.)

*2. Omitting parameter instead of the "default" keyword*
Why not calling without any keywords between the comas to signify to use
the default? Example from the previous post:
foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default);

would become:
foo(10, , , , 12);

Some might prefer it, some might dislike it and stick with the "default"
keyword and some would allow both. Personally I don't have anything against
any of these options.

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Why would we have to chose between the proposed idea and named parameters? =
Both are interesting. The proposed idea doesn't get in the way of those&nbs=
p;preferring named parameters (if they ever get into the standard...).=
<div>Personally I like it; it's simple, doesn't add complexity and doesn't =
get in the way of anything. It is not because there are workarounds and tha=
t we could live without it that it should not be considered (think about ra=
nge-based for loops; they were never "needed" but they were added).<br></di=
v><div>About the proposed idea, two things that cross my mind.</div><div><b=
r></div><div><b>1. Default for first parameters (and not only last ones).</=
b></div><div>It could now also be possible to have default parameters which=
 are not the last ones. This is something new that I would put in the same =
proposal. For example:</div><div style=3D"background-color: rgb(250, 250, 2=
50); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;" class=3D=
"prettyprint"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div class=3D"subprettyprint"><sp=
an style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> foo</span><span style=3D"=
color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #0=
08;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify">=3D</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"=
styled-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=3D</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">1</span><span style=
=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color=
: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" =
class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,=
</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><s=
pan style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;=
" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{}</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br>foo</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify">default</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=
 </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">default</=
span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=
=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">2</span><span style=3D"color=
: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" =
class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"=
styled-by-prettify">3</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
"> </span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">4</span=
><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">);</span></div><=
/code></div><div><br></div><div>Of course there would be no way to use thos=
e default values without using the "default" keyword. (or by using the alte=
rnate syntax; see 2.)</div><div><br></div><div><b>2. Omitting parameter ins=
tead of the "default" keyword</b></div><div>Why not calling without any key=
words between the comas to signify to use the default? Example from the pre=
vious post:</div><div><div style=3D"background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); b=
order: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;" class=3D"prett=
yprint"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div class=3D"subprettyprint"><span sty=
le=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">foo</span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #06=
6;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">10</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify">default</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">default</span>=
<span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"col=
or: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">default</span><span style=3D"color:=
 #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" c=
lass=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"s=
tyled-by-prettify">12</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">default=
</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">);</span><=
/div></code></div><br></div><div>would become:</div><div><div style=3D"back=
ground-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); wor=
d-wrap: break-word;" class=3D"prettyprint"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div=
 class=3D"subprettyprint"><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">foo</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
">(</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">10</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #00=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </=
span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">12</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">);</span></div></cod=
e></div><br></div><div>Some might prefer it, some might dislike it and stic=
k with the "default" keyword and some would allow both.&nbsp;Personally&nbs=
p;I don't have anything against any of these options.</div>

<p></p>

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> The IDE showing names doesn't help much.  The difference is:
>
> foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)
> vs
> foo(.x = 10, .z = 12)
>
> Some people might find the second easier to read and understand.  (And
> some might prefer the first because it doesn't "hide" as much.)
>

By IDE showing names I meant this. We type the following
foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)
But the IDE shows it as
foo(*param1:* 10, *param2:* default, *param3:* default, *param4:* default, *
param5:* 12);

This is similar to IDE using a special character to show spaces, tabs &
newlines. I don't see any difference between IDE doing this and we doing
it. The existing code also works with this. We need not have a language
feature which can be done better by the IDE. I agree that it will not work
with other general purpose editors. Other than that is there any use of
named parameters?

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex">
<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div=
>The IDE showing names doesn&#39;t help much.=A0 The difference is:<br>
<br></div><div>foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)<br></div><di=
v>vs<br></div><div>foo(.x =3D 10, .z =3D 12)<br><br></div><div>Some people =
might find the second easier to read and understand.=A0 (And some might pre=
fer the first because it doesn&#39;t &quot;hide&quot; as much.)</div>
</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div style>By IDE showing nam=
es I meant this. We type the following</div><div style>foo(10, default, def=
ault, default, 12, default)<br></div><div style>But the IDE shows it as</di=
v>
<div style>foo(<i><b>param1:</b></i> 10, <i><b>param2:</b></i> default, <i>=
<b>param3:</b></i> default, <i><b>param4:</b></i> default, <i><b>param5:</b=
></i> 12);</div><div style><br></div><div style>This is similar to IDE usin=
g a special character to show spaces, tabs &amp; newlines. I don&#39;t see =
any difference between IDE doing this and we doing it. The existing code al=
so works with this. We need not have a language feature which can be done b=
etter by the IDE. I agree that it will not work with other general purpose =
editors. Other than that is there any use of named parameters?</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>Regards,</div><div style>Hariharan S</div><=
div style><br></div></div></div></div>

<p></p>

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> Why would we have to chose between the proposed idea and named parameters?
> Both are interesting. The proposed idea doesn't get in the way of
> those preferring named parameters (if they ever get into the standard...).
> Personally I like it; it's simple, doesn't add complexity and doesn't get
> in the way of anything. It is not because there are workarounds and that we
> could live without it that it should not be considered (think about
> range-based for loops; they were never "needed" but they were added).
>
About the proposed idea, two things that cross my mind.
>
> *1. Default for first parameters (and not only last ones).*
> It could now also be possible to have default parameters which are not the
> last ones. This is something new that I would put in the same proposal. For
> example:
> void foo(int=0, int=1, int, int, int) {}
> foo(default, default, 2, 3, 4);
>
> Of course there would be no way to use those default values without using
> the "default" keyword. (or by using the alternate syntax; see 2.)
>
>
This is an interesting idea which can also be explored.


> *2. Omitting parameter instead of the "default" keyword*
> Why not calling without any keywords between the comas to signify to use
> the default? Example from the previous post:
> foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default);
>
> would become:
> foo(10, , , , 12);
>
> Some might prefer it, some might dislike it and stick with the "default"
> keyword and some would allow both. Personally I don't have anything against
> any of these options.
>
> I considered leaving blank initially. But it does not make the language
specification any simpler. Moreover, if you accidentally type an extra
comma or leave a comma it might result in a difficult to catch bug. Using
default makes the intention explicit.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Why would we have to chose between the propo=
sed idea and named parameters? Both are interesting. The proposed idea does=
n&#39;t get in the way of those=A0preferring=A0named parameters (if they ev=
er get into the standard...).<div>
Personally I like it; it&#39;s simple, doesn&#39;t add complexity and doesn=
&#39;t get in the way of anything. It is not because there are workarounds =
and that we could live without it that it should not be considered (think a=
bout range-based for loops; they were never &quot;needed&quot; but they wer=
e added).=A0</div>
</blockquote><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;b=
order-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div></div><div>About the propo=
sed idea, two things that cross my mind.</div><div><br></div><div><b>1. Def=
ault for first parameters (and not only last ones).</b></div>
<div>It could now also be possible to have default parameters which are not=
 the last ones. This is something new that I would put in the same proposal=
.. For example:</div><div style=3D"background-color:rgb(250,250,250);border:=
1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-word">
<code><div><span style=3D"color:#008">void</span><span style> foo</span><sp=
an style=3D"color:#660">(</span><span style=3D"color:#008">int</span><span =
style=3D"color:#660">=3D</span><span style=3D"color:#066">0</span><span sty=
le=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#008">in=
t</span><span style=3D"color:#660">=3D</span><span style=3D"color:#066">1</=
span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"=
color:#008">int</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </spa=
n><span style=3D"color:#008">int</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><=
span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#008">int</span><span style=3D"colo=
r:#660">)</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#660">{}</span><sp=
an style><br>
foo</span><span style=3D"color:#660">(</span><span style=3D"color:#008">def=
ault</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span sty=
le=3D"color:#008">default</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span st=
yle> </span><span style=3D"color:#066">2</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,=
</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#066">3</span><span style=
=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#066">4</s=
pan><span style=3D"color:#660">);</span></div>
</code></div><div><br></div><div>Of course there would be no way to use tho=
se default values without using the &quot;default&quot; keyword. (or by usi=
ng the alternate syntax; see 2.)</div><div><br></div></blockquote><div>
<br></div><div style>This is an interesting idea which can also be explored=
..</div><div style>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margi=
n:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div></div><div><=
b>2. Omitting parameter instead of the &quot;default&quot; keyword</b></div=
>
<div>Why not calling without any keywords between the comas to signify to u=
se the default? Example from the previous post:</div><div><div style=3D"bac=
kground-color:rgb(250,250,250);border:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:=
break-word">
<code><div><span style>foo</span><span style=3D"color:#660">(</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color:#066">10</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style=
> </span><span style=3D"color:#008">default</span><span style=3D"color:#660=
">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#008">default</span><spa=
n style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#00=
8">default</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><sp=
an style=3D"color:#066">12</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span s=
tyle> </span><span style=3D"color:#008">default</span><span style=3D"color:=
#660">);</span></div>
</code></div><br></div><div>would become:</div><div><div style=3D"backgroun=
d-color:rgb(250,250,250);border:1px solid rgb(187,187,187);word-wrap:break-=
word"><code><div><span style>foo</span><span style=3D"color:#660">(</span><=
span style=3D"color:#066">10</span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span=
 style> </span><span style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span=
 style=3D"color:#660">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#660=
">,</span><span style> </span><span style=3D"color:#066">12</span><span sty=
le=3D"color:#660">);</span></div>
</code></div><br></div><div>Some might prefer it, some might dislike it and=
 stick with the &quot;default&quot; keyword and some would allow both.=A0Pe=
rsonally=A0I don&#39;t have anything against any of these options.</div><di=
v class=3D"HOEnZb">
<div class=3D"h5">

<p></p></div></div></blockquote></div>I considered leaving blank initially.=
 But it does not make the language specification any simpler. Moreover, if =
you accidentally type an extra comma or leave a comma it might result in a =
difficult to catch bug. Using default makes the intention explicit.</div>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>Regar=
ds,</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra" style>Hariharan S</div><div class=3D"gm=
ail_extra" style><br></div></div>

<p></p>

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Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is just one way of
doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this also assumes
that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews).


On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 11:59 PM, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com>wrote:

>
> The IDE showing names doesn't help much.  The difference is:
>>
>> foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)
>> vs
>> foo(.x = 10, .z = 12)
>>
>> Some people might find the second easier to read and understand.  (And
>> some might prefer the first because it doesn't "hide" as much.)
>>
>
> By IDE showing names I meant this. We type the following
> foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)
> But the IDE shows it as
> foo(*param1:* 10, *param2:* default, *param3:* default, *param4:*default,
> *param5:* 12);
>
> This is similar to IDE using a special character to show spaces, tabs &
> newlines. I don't see any difference between IDE doing this and we doing
> it. The existing code also works with this. We need not have a language
> feature which can be done better by the IDE. I agree that it will not work
> with other general purpose editors. Other than that is there any use of
> named parameters?
>
> Regards,
> Hariharan S
>
>  --
>
> ---
> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
> "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an
> email to std-proposals+unsubscribe@isocpp.org.
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> Visit this group at
> http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-proposals/?hl=en.
>
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is jus=
t one way of doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this=
 also assumes that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews)=
..<div class=3D"gmail_extra">

<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 11:59 PM, Harihar=
an Subramanian <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com" ta=
rget=3D"_blank">tohari@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padd=
ing-left:1ex">

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<div class=3D"im"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px=
 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-=
left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">


<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div=
>The IDE showing names doesn&#39;t help much.=A0 The difference is:<br>
<br></div><div>foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)<br></div><di=
v>vs<br></div><div>foo(.x =3D 10, .z =3D 12)<br><br></div><div>Some people =
might find the second easier to read and understand.=A0 (And some might pre=
fer the first because it doesn&#39;t &quot;hide&quot; as much.)</div>


</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></div><div>By IDE showing nam=
es I meant this. We type the following</div><div class=3D"im"><div>foo(10, =
default, default, default, 12, default)<br></div></div><div>But the IDE sho=
ws it as</div>


<div>foo(<i><b>param1:</b></i> 10, <i><b>param2:</b></i> default, <i><b>par=
am3:</b></i> default, <i><b>param4:</b></i> default, <i><b>param5:</b></i> =
12);</div><div><br></div><div>This is similar to IDE using a special charac=
ter to show spaces, tabs &amp; newlines. I don&#39;t see any difference bet=
ween IDE doing this and we doing it. The existing code also works with this=
.. We need not have a language feature which can be done better by the IDE. =
I agree that it will not work with other general purpose editors. Other tha=
n that is there any use of named parameters?</div>


<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5">

<p></p>

-- <br>
=A0<br>
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..org/group/std-proposals/?hl=3Den</a>.<br>
=A0<br>
=A0<br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><div><br></div><br></d=
iv></div>

<p></p>

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> Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is just one way of
> doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this also assumes
> that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews).
>

Yes. When we are viewing the code through any workflow we should see the
name of the parameters.

There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful. Addition
and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the ordering, the
value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the
modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters
and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle default
parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its power.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">Any IDE solution assumes yo=
u are using an IDE which is just one way of doing things. It is not the onl=
y way of doing things. And this also assumes that the IDE is also used for =
other tasks (e.g. code reviews).</div>
</blockquote><div style><br></div><div style>Yes. When we are viewing the c=
ode through any workflow we should see the name of the parameters.</div><di=
v style><br></div><div style>There is one more use case for which named par=
ameters are useful. Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, beca=
use of the ordering, the value I originally passed for param_i might go to =
param_j after the modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle =
default parameters and named parameters) do not get into the way of each ot=
her. Middle default parameters can exist for its simplicity and named param=
eters for its power.</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>Regards,</div><div style>Hariharan S</div><=
div style><br></div></div></div></div>

<p></p>

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&nbsp;<br />
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My point about IDE is that you are precluding I am using an IDE. But
actually there are other ways (e.g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor
you like). Thus the language evolution cannot rest in the assumption that
an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we would need to standardize IDEs (what I
hope nobody is thinking about).

On the other hand, there is a long history of named parameters in the Ada
programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are heavily used,
but I do not have experimental data.

Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
encourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a
desirable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of
parameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases
maintainability. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt
performance.

Thus, I think a relevant question is:

Do we want to promote styles with high number of function parameters?


On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com>wrote:

>
> Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is just one way of
>> doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this also assumes
>> that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews).
>>
>
> Yes. When we are viewing the code through any workflow we should see the
> name of the parameters.
>
> There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful. Addition
> and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the ordering, the
> value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the
> modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters
> and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle default
> parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its power.
>
> Regards,
> Hariharan S
>
>  --
>
> ---
> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
> "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an
> email to std-proposals+unsubscribe@isocpp.org.
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> Visit this group at
> http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-proposals/?hl=en.
>
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">My point about IDE is that you are precluding I am using a=
n IDE. But actually there are other ways (e.g. using vi or emacs or whateve=
r editor you like). Thus the language evolution cannot rest in the assumpti=
on that an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we would need to standardize IDEs =
(what I hope nobody is thinking about).<div>

<br></div><div>On the other hand, there is a long history of named paramete=
rs in the Ada programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are=
 heavily used, but I do not have experimental data.</div><div><br></div>

<div>Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a des=
irable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of pa=
rameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases maintainabi=
lity. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt performance.=
</div>

<div><br></div><div>Thus, I think a relevant question is:=A0</div><div><br>=
</div><div>Do we want to promote styles with high number of function parame=
ters?<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On T=
hu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">tohari@gmail.com</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br>

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_ext=
ra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div class=3D"im"><blockquote class=3D"gmail=
_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:=
1ex">

<div dir=3D"ltr">Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is jus=
t one way of doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this=
 also assumes that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews)=
..</div>


</blockquote><div><br></div></div><div>Yes. When we are viewing the code th=
rough any workflow we should see the name of the parameters.</div><div><br>=
</div><div>There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful=
.. Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the orderin=
g, the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the =
modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters=
 and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle defaul=
t parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its powe=
r.</div>


<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5">

<p></p>

-- <br>
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..org/group/std-proposals/?hl=3Den</a>.<br>
=A0<br>
=A0<br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><div><br></div></div><=
/div></div>

<p></p>

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When I first proposed the IDE method, I did not take into consideration the
second usage (deletion and addition) of the named parameters. This cannot
be solved by the IDE method. Hence IDE method is less than satisfactory.

> Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
encourage interfaces with high number of parameters... Do we want to
promote styles with high number of function parameters?
Could you prove the assertion - this proposal in combination with named
parameters encourages interface with high number of parameters. Correct me
if I am wrong - AFAIK other programming languages do not have this feature
and hence there does not exist any prior data.

I think If we are using a default parameter then instead of manually
writing the default values when we call the function we just write the
keyword "default". Otherwise it should not encourage anything.

Regards,
Hariharan S



On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 6:43 PM, J. Daniel Garcia
<josedaniel.garcia@uc3m.es>wrote:

> My point about IDE is that you are precluding I am using an IDE. But
> actually there are other ways (e.g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor
> you like). Thus the language evolution cannot rest in the assumption that
> an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we would need to standardize IDEs (what I
> hope nobody is thinking about).
>
> On the other hand, there is a long history of named parameters in the Ada
> programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are heavily used,
> but I do not have experimental data.
>
> Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a
> desirable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of
> parameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases
> maintainability. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt
> performance.
>
> Thus, I think a relevant question is:
>
> Do we want to promote styles with high number of function parameters?
>
>
> On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com>wrote:
>
>>
>> Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is just one way of
>>> doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this also assumes
>>> that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews).
>>>
>>
>> Yes. When we are viewing the code through any workflow we should see the
>> name of the parameters.
>>
>> There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful.
>> Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the ordering,
>> the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the
>> modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters
>> and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle default
>> parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its power.
>>
>> Regards,
>> Hariharan S
>>
>>  --
>>
>> ---
>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
>> "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an
>> email to std-proposals+unsubscribe@isocpp.org.
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Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">When I first proposed the IDE method, I did not take into =
consideration the second usage (deletion and addition) of the named paramet=
ers. This cannot be solved by the IDE method. Hence IDE method is less than=
 satisfactory.<div>
<br></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">=
&gt; Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters...=A0</span><span style=3D=
"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Do we want to promote styles =
with high number of function parameters?</span><br>
</div><div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px=
">Could you prove the assertion - this proposal in combination with named p=
arameters encourages interface with high number of parameters. Correct me i=
f I am wrong - AFAIK other programming languages do not have this feature a=
nd hence there does not exist any prior data.</span></div>
<div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br>=
</span></div><div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-si=
ze:13px">I think If we are using a default parameter then instead of manual=
ly writing the default values when we call the function we just write the k=
eyword &quot;default&quot;. Otherwise it should not encourage anything.</sp=
an></div>
<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div><div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13p=
x">Regards,</span></div><div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-se=
rif;font-size:13px">Hariharan S</span></div>
<div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br>=
</span></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_q=
uote">On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 6:43 PM, J. Daniel Garcia <span dir=3D"ltr">&l=
t;<a href=3D"mailto:josedaniel.garcia@uc3m.es" target=3D"_blank">josedaniel=
..garcia@uc3m.es</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">My point about IDE is that =
you are precluding I am using an IDE. But actually there are other ways (e.=
g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor you like). Thus the language evolut=
ion cannot rest in the assumption that an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we =
would need to standardize IDEs (what I hope nobody is thinking about).<div>


<br></div><div>On the other hand, there is a long history of named paramete=
rs in the Ada programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are=
 heavily used, but I do not have experimental data.</div><div><br></div>


<div>Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a des=
irable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of pa=
rameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases maintainabi=
lity. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt performance.=
</div>


<div><br></div><div>Thus, I think a relevant question is:=A0</div><div><br>=
</div><div>Do we want to promote styles with high number of function parame=
ters?<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div=
>
<div class=3D"h5">On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <sp=
an dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">to=
hari@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>

</div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bo=
rder-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div class=3D"h5"><div dir=
=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><bl=
ockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #=
ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">


<div dir=3D"ltr">Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is jus=
t one way of doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this=
 also assumes that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews)=
..</div>



</blockquote><div><br></div></div><div>Yes. When we are viewing the code th=
rough any workflow we should see the name of the parameters.</div><div><br>=
</div><div>There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful=
.. Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the orderin=
g, the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the =
modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters=
 and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle defaul=
t parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its powe=
r.</div>



<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div></div></div><div class=3D"im"><div><div>

<p></p>

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=A0<br>
=A0<br>
</div></div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><div><br></div><=
/div></div></div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5">

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------=_Part_235_4981717.1367506719701
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

Actually, named parameters exists in several languages (see
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter>). Visual Basic had it for a
while and it's been added recently in C# 4.
As far as I know, one of the main reason to add named parameters in c#  was
to improve interop with COM, as quite a few methods have a lot of
parameters. You might want to take a look at the ConvertToTable method on
page http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx). It has lots of
parameters therefore named parameters are very usefull for readability in
this context.

Yet I am not sure we need this in c++. I think we have better alternatives,
such as, for instance, declaring a ConvertToTableSettings struct.

As for allowing "default" parameter in the middle, it has some appeal. I
mean it is "not fair" that I must omit value2 if I want to omit value1
(using you example).
But we are speaking of "foo" functions. Do you have real life cases where
you want to do that?

Thanks,
Vincent JACQUET

On Thursday, May 2, 2013 3:53:10 PM UTC+2, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
> When I first proposed the IDE method, I did not take into consideration
> the second usage (deletion and addition) of the named parameters. This
> cannot be solved by the IDE method. Hence IDE method is less than
> satisfactory.
>
> > Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters... Do we want to
> promote styles with high number of function parameters?
> Could you prove the assertion - this proposal in combination with named
> parameters encourages interface with high number of parameters. Correct me
> if I am wrong - AFAIK other programming languages do not have this feature
> and hence there does not exist any prior data.
>
> I think If we are using a default parameter then instead of manually
> writing the default values when we call the function we just write the
> keyword "default". Otherwise it should not encourage anything.
>
> Regards,
> Hariharan S
>
>
>
> On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 6:43 PM, J. Daniel Garcia <josedani...@uc3m.es<javascript:>
> > wrote:
>
>> My point about IDE is that you are precluding I am using an IDE. But
>> actually there are other ways (e.g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor
>> you like). Thus the language evolution cannot rest in the assumption that
>> an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we would need to standardize IDEs (what I
>> hope nobody is thinking about).
>>
>> On the other hand, there is a long history of named parameters in the Ada
>> programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are heavily used,
>> but I do not have experimental data.
>>
>> Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a
>> desirable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of
>> parameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases
>> maintainability. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt
>> performance.
>>
>> Thus, I think a relevant question is:
>>
>> Do we want to promote styles with high number of function parameters?
>>
>>
>> On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <toh...@gmail.com<javascript:>
>> > wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is just one way of
>>>> doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this also assumes
>>>> that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews).
>>>>
>>>
>>> Yes. When we are viewing the code through any workflow we should see the
>>> name of the parameters.
>>>
>>> There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful.
>>> Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the ordering,
>>> the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the
>>> modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters
>>> and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle default
>>> parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its power.
>>>
>>> Regards,
>>> Hariharan S
>>>
>>>  --
>>>
>>> ---
>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
>>> Groups "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send
>>> an email to std-proposal...@isocpp.org <javascript:>.
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>>> http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-proposals/?hl=en.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>>  --
>>
>> ---
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>> Google Groups "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
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------=_Part_235_4981717.1367506719701
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Actually, named parameters exists in several languages (see &lt;http://en.w=
ikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter&gt;). Visual Basic had it for a while and=
 it's been added recently in C# 4.<div>As far as I know, one of the main re=
ason to add named parameters in c# &nbsp;was to improve interop with COM, a=
s quite a few methods have a lot of parameters. You might want to take a lo=
ok at the ConvertToTable method on page&nbsp;http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-u=
s/library/dd264738.aspx). It has lots of parameters therefore named paramet=
ers are very usefull for readability in this context.</div><div><br></div><=
div>Yet I am not sure we need this in c++. I think we have better alternati=
ves, such as, for instance, declaring a ConvertToTableSettings struct.</div=
><div><br></div><div>As for allowing "default" parameter in the middle, it =
has some appeal. I mean it is "not fair" that I must omit value2 if I want =
to omit value1 (using you example).</div><div>But we are speaking of "foo" =
functions. Do you have real life cases where you want to do that?&nbsp;</di=
v><div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div><div>Vincent JACQUET<br><br>On Thursday,=
 May 2, 2013 3:53:10 PM UTC+2, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:<blockquote clas=
s=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #c=
cc solid;padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr">When I first proposed the IDE=
 method, I did not take into consideration the second usage (deletion and a=
ddition) of the named parameters. This cannot be solved by the IDE method. =
Hence IDE method is less than satisfactory.<div>
<br></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">=
&gt; Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters...&nbsp;</span><span style=
=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Do we want to promote styl=
es with high number of function parameters?</span><br>
</div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Coul=
d you prove the assertion - this proposal in combination with named paramet=
ers encourages interface with high number of parameters. Correct me if I am=
 wrong - AFAIK other programming languages do not have this feature and hen=
ce there does not exist any prior data.</span></div>
<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">I t=
hink If we are using a default parameter then instead of manually writing t=
he default values when we call the function we just write the keyword "defa=
ult". Otherwise it should not encourage anything.</span></div>
<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Reg=
ards,</span></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-siz=
e:13px">Hariharan S</span></div>
<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div></div><div><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, May 2, 2013 at=
 6:43 PM, J. Daniel Garcia <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"javascript:" ta=
rget=3D"_blank" gdf-obfuscated-mailto=3D"qCirn1DpOmoJ">josedani...@uc3m.es<=
/a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">My point about IDE is that =
you are precluding I am using an IDE. But actually there are other ways (e.=
g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor you like). Thus the language evolut=
ion cannot rest in the assumption that an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we =
would need to standardize IDEs (what I hope nobody is thinking about).<div>


<br></div><div>On the other hand, there is a long history of named paramete=
rs in the Ada programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are=
 heavily used, but I do not have experimental data.</div><div><br></div>


<div>Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a des=
irable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of pa=
rameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases maintainabi=
lity. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt performance.=
</div>


<div><br></div><div>Thus, I think a relevant question is:&nbsp;</div><div><=
br></div><div>Do we want to promote styles with high number of function par=
ameters?<br><div><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div>
<div>On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <span dir=3D"ltr=
">&lt;<a href=3D"javascript:" target=3D"_blank" gdf-obfuscated-mailto=3D"qC=
irn1DpOmoJ">toh...@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>

</div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bo=
rder-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><=
div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">


<div dir=3D"ltr">Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is jus=
t one way of doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this=
 also assumes that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews)=
..</div>



</blockquote><div><br></div></div><div>Yes. When we are viewing the code th=
rough any workflow we should see the name of the parameters.</div><div><br>=
</div><div>There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful=
.. Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the orderin=
g, the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the =
modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters=
 and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle defaul=
t parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its powe=
r.</div>



<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div></div></div><div><div><div>

<p></p>

-- <br>
&nbsp;<br>
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On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 8:28 PM, Vincent Jacquet <vjacquet@flowgroup.fr>wrote:

> Actually, named parameters exists in several languages (see <
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter>). Visual Basic had it for a
> while and it's been added recently in C# 4.
> As far as I know, one of the main reason to add named parameters in c#
>  was to improve interop with COM, as quite a few methods have a lot of
> parameters. You might want to take a look at the ConvertToTable method on
> page http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx). It has lots
> of parameters therefore named parameters are very usefull for readability
> in this context.
>
> Yet I am not sure we need this in c++. I think we have better
> alternatives, such as, for instance, declaring a ConvertToTableSettings
> struct.
>
> As for allowing "default" parameter in the middle, it has some appeal. I
> mean it is "not fair" that I must omit value2 if I want to omit value1
> (using you example).
> But we are speaking of "foo" functions. Do you have real life cases where
> you want to do that?
>
> Thanks,
> Vincent JACQUET
>
>
> On Thursday, May 2, 2013 3:53:10 PM UTC+2, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
>> When I first proposed the IDE method, I did not take into consideration
>> the second usage (deletion and addition) of the named parameters. This
>> cannot be solved by the IDE method. Hence IDE method is less than
>> satisfactory.
>>
>> > Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters... Do we want to
>> promote styles with high number of function parameters?
>> Could you prove the assertion - this proposal in combination with named
>> parameters encourages interface with high number of parameters. Correct me
>> if I am wrong - AFAIK other programming languages do not have this feature
>> and hence there does not exist any prior data.
>>
>> I think If we are using a default parameter then instead of manually
>> writing the default values when we call the function we just write the
>> keyword "default". Otherwise it should not encourage anything.
>>
>> Regards,
>> Hariharan S
>>
>>
>>
>> On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 6:43 PM, J. Daniel Garcia <josedani...@uc3m.es>wrote:
>>
>>> My point about IDE is that you are precluding I am using an IDE. But
>>> actually there are other ways (e.g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor
>>> you like). Thus the language evolution cannot rest in the assumption that
>>> an IDE is being used. Otherwise, we would need to standardize IDEs (what I
>>> hope nobody is thinking about).
>>>
>>> On the other hand, there is a long history of named parameters in the
>>> Ada programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are heavily
>>> used, but I do not have experimental data.
>>>
>>> Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
>>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a
>>> desirable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of
>>> parameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases
>>> maintainability. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt
>>> performance.
>>>
>>> Thus, I think a relevant question is:
>>>
>>> Do we want to promote styles with high number of function parameters?
>>>
>>>
>>> On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <toh...@gmail.com>wrote:
>>>
>>>>
>>>> Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is just one way of
>>>>> doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this also assumes
>>>>> that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews).
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Yes. When we are viewing the code through any workflow we should see
>>>> the name of the parameters.
>>>>
>>>> There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful.
>>>> Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the ordering,
>>>> the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the
>>>> modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters
>>>> and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle default
>>>> parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its power.
>>>>
>>>> Regards,
>>>> Hariharan S
>>>>
>>>>  --
>>>>
>>>> ---
>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
>>>> Groups "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
>>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send
>>>> an email to std-proposal...@**isocpp.org.
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>>>>
>>>> Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/a/**isocpp.org/group/std-*
>>>> *proposals/?hl=en<http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-proposals/?hl=en>
>>>> .
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
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--089e0158c12aa598dc04dbbec49a
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D=
"gmail_quote">On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 8:28 PM, Vincent Jacquet <span dir=3D"=
ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:vjacquet@flowgroup.fr" target=3D"_blank">vjacque=
t@flowgroup.fr</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Actually, named parameters exists in several=
 languages (see &lt;<a href=3D"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter=
" target=3D"_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter</a>&gt;). =
Visual Basic had it for a while and it&#39;s been added recently in C# 4.<d=
iv>
As far as I know, one of the main reason to add named parameters in c# =A0w=
as to improve interop with COM, as quite a few methods have a lot of parame=
ters. You might want to take a look at the ConvertToTable method on page=A0=
<a href=3D"http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx" target=3D=
"_blank">http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx</a>). It has=
 lots of parameters therefore named parameters are very usefull for readabi=
lity in this context.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Yet I am not sure we need this in c++. I think we have =
better alternatives, such as, for instance, declaring a ConvertToTableSetti=
ngs struct.</div><div><br></div><div>As for allowing &quot;default&quot; pa=
rameter in the middle, it has some appeal. I mean it is &quot;not fair&quot=
; that I must omit value2 if I want to omit value1 (using you example).</di=
v>
<div>But we are speaking of &quot;foo&quot; functions. Do you have real lif=
e cases where you want to do that?=A0</div><div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div=
><div>Vincent JACQUET<div class=3D"im"><br><br>On Thursday, May 2, 2013 3:5=
3:10 PM UTC+2, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:</div>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im"><div dir=3D"ltr">=
When I first proposed the IDE method, I did not take into consideration the=
 second usage (deletion and addition) of the named parameters. This cannot =
be solved by the IDE method. Hence IDE method is less than satisfactory.<di=
v>

<br></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">=
&gt; Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters...=A0</span><span style=3D=
"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Do we want to promote styles =
with high number of function parameters?</span><br>

</div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Coul=
d you prove the assertion - this proposal in combination with named paramet=
ers encourages interface with high number of parameters. Correct me if I am=
 wrong - AFAIK other programming languages do not have this feature and hen=
ce there does not exist any prior data.</span></div>

<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">I t=
hink If we are using a default parameter then instead of manually writing t=
he default values when we call the function we just write the keyword &quot=
;default&quot;. Otherwise it should not encourage anything.</span></div>

<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Reg=
ards,</span></div><div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-siz=
e:13px">Hariharan S</span></div>

<div><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span=
></div></div></div><div><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div class=3D"im=
">On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 6:43 PM, J. Daniel Garcia <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a=
>josedani...@uc3m.es</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>

</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-l=
eft:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"im">My =
point about IDE is that you are precluding I am using an IDE. But actually =
there are other ways (e.g. using vi or emacs or whatever editor you like). =
Thus the language evolution cannot rest in the assumption that an IDE is be=
ing used. Otherwise, we would need to standardize IDEs (what I hope nobody =
is thinking about).<div>



<br></div><div>On the other hand, there is a long history of named paramete=
rs in the Ada programming language. I do not have the feeling that they are=
 heavily used, but I do not have experimental data.</div><div><br></div>



<div>Besides, the combination of this proposal and named parameters may enc=
ourage interfaces with high number of parameters. I think that is not a des=
irable thing. Many software quality metrics will say that high number of pa=
rameters in an interface increases the complexity and decreases maintainabi=
lity. Besides, for certain implementations this style may hurt performance.=
</div>



<div><br></div><div>Thus, I think a relevant question is:=A0</div><div><br>=
</div></div><div><div class=3D"im">Do we want to promote styles with high n=
umber of function parameters?<br></div><div><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">
<div class=3D"im"><div>
<div>On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 7:24 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <span dir=3D"ltr=
">&lt;<a>toh...@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>

</div></div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im"><div><di=
v><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><blockquote cla=
ss=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;pa=
dding-left:1ex">



<div dir=3D"ltr">Any IDE solution assumes you are using an IDE which is jus=
t one way of doing things. It is not the only way of doing things. And this=
 also assumes that the IDE is also used for other tasks (e.g. code reviews)=
..</div>




</blockquote><div><br></div></div><div>Yes. When we are viewing the code th=
rough any workflow we should see the name of the parameters.</div><div><br>=
</div><div>There is one more use case for which named parameters are useful=
.. Addition and deletion of parameters. In this case, because of the orderin=
g, the value I originally passed for param_i might go to param_j after the =
modification. But still, as Alex mentioned, both (middle default parameters=
 and named parameters) do not get into the way of each other. Middle defaul=
t parameters can exist for its simplicity and named parameters for its powe=
r.</div>




<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div class=3D"im">

<p></p>

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=A0<br>
=A0<br>
</div></div></div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><div><br><=
/div></div></div></div><div><div><div class=3D"im">

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Apologies for my last empty message.

On Thu, May 2, 2013 at 8:28 PM, Vincent Jacquet <vjacquet@flowgroup.fr>wrote:
>
>> Actually, named parameters exists in several languages (see <
>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter>). Visual Basic had it for
>> a while and it's been added recently in C# 4.
>> As far as I know, one of the main reason to add named parameters in c#
>>  was to improve interop with COM, as quite a few methods have a lot of
>> parameters. You might want to take a look at the ConvertToTable method on
>> page http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx). It has lots
>> of parameters therefore named parameters are very usefull for readability
>> in this context.
>>
>>
What I meant by "other programming languages do not have this feature" was
default middle param value and not named params.

Yet I am not sure we need this in c++. I think we have better alternatives,
>> such as, for instance, declaring a ConvertToTableSettings struct.
>>
>> As for allowing "default" parameter in the middle, it has some appeal. I
>> mean it is "not fair" that I must omit value2 if I want to omit value1
>> (using you example).
>> But we are speaking of "foo" functions. Do you have real life cases where
>> you want to do that?
>>
>
I can give my experience but without giving the function name and prototype.
1. Once I had to change the value of the penultimate boolean parameter to
an enum. That function was called from 10 different places. I had to change
almost each of them as the last parameter they had was non-default.
2. Few functions that I called had 4 or 5 default values in which third or
the fourth value was non-default. I had to verify every function every time
before calling.

Regards,
Hariharan S

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Apologies for my last empty message.<div><br><div class=3D=
"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" =
style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><di=
v class=3D"HOEnZb">
<div class=3D"h5"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On =
Thu, May 2, 2013 at 8:28 PM, Vincent Jacquet <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:vjacquet@flowgroup.fr" target=3D"_blank">vjacquet@flowgroup.fr</=
a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Actually, named parameters exists in several=
 languages (see &lt;<a href=3D"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter=
" target=3D"_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_parameter</a>&gt;). =
Visual Basic had it for a while and it&#39;s been added recently in C# 4.<d=
iv>

As far as I know, one of the main reason to add named parameters in c# =A0w=
as to improve interop with COM, as quite a few methods have a lot of parame=
ters. You might want to take a look at the ConvertToTable method on page=A0=
<a href=3D"http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx" target=3D=
"_blank">http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd264738.aspx</a>). It has=
 lots of parameters therefore named parameters are very usefull for readabi=
lity in this context.</div>

<div><br></div></blockquote></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div>=A0</=
div><div style>What I meant by &quot;other programming languages do not hav=
e this feature&quot; was default middle param value and not named params.=
=A0</div>
<div style><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 =
0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><=
div class=3D"h5"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blo=
ckquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #c=
cc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div></div><div>Yet I am not sure we need this in c++. I think we have bett=
er alternatives, such as, for instance, declaring a ConvertToTableSettings =
struct.</div><div><br></div><div>As for allowing &quot;default&quot; parame=
ter in the middle, it has some appeal. I mean it is &quot;not fair&quot; th=
at I must omit value2 if I want to omit value1 (using you example).</div>

<div>But we are speaking of &quot;foo&quot; functions. Do you have real lif=
e cases where you want to do that?=A0</div></blockquote></div></div></div><=
/div></blockquote><div><br></div><div style>I can give my experience but wi=
thout giving the function name and prototype.</div>
<div style>1. Once I had to change the value of the penultimate boolean par=
ameter to an enum. That function was called from 10 different places. I had=
 to change almost each of them as the last parameter they had was non-defau=
lt.</div>
<div style>2. Few functions that I called had 4 or 5 default values in whic=
h third or the fourth value was non-default. I had to verify every function=
 every time before calling.</div><div style><br></div><div style>Regards,</=
div>
<div style>Hariharan S</div><div style><br></div></div></div></div></div>

<p></p>

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On Thursday, May 2, 2013 12:49:46 PM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:

> What I meant by "other programming languages do not have this feature" was
> default middle param value and not named params.
>

It's not a mainstream language, but I work with a product-specific
scripting language that allows default middle parameters, and uses the
second syntax above with the simple elimination of the parameter: foo(a, b,
, , e, f)

This language has been in use for probably 25 years, and shares a lot of
syntax with C.

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<span style=3D"font-size: 13px;">On Thursday, May 2, 2013 12:49:46 PM UTC-4=
, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:</span><br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" =
style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-l=
eft: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><span style=3D"=
font-size: 13px;">What I meant by "other programming languages do not have =
this feature" was default middle param value and not named params.&nbsp;</s=
pan></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>It's not a mainstrea=
m language, but I work with a product-specific scripting language that allo=
ws default middle parameters, and uses the second syntax above with the sim=
ple elimination of the parameter: foo(a, b, , , e, f)</div><div><br></div><=
div>This language has been in use for probably 25 years, and shares a lot o=
f syntax with C.</div><div><br></div>

<p></p>

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--001a11c34f40dce74804dbca4799
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Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments on the assertion "the
combination of this proposal and named parameters may encourage interfaces
with high number of parameters"?

Regards,
Hariharan S


On Fri, May 3, 2013 at 9:58 AM, Greg Marr <gregmmarr@gmail.com> wrote:

> On Thursday, May 2, 2013 12:49:46 PM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
>> What I meant by "other programming languages do not have this feature"
>> was default middle param value and not named params.
>>
>
> It's not a mainstream language, but I work with a product-specific
> scripting language that allows default middle parameters, and uses the
> second syntax above with the simple elimination of the parameter: foo(a, b,
> , , e, f)
>
> This language has been in use for probably 25 years, and shares a lot of
> syntax with C.
>
>  --
>
> ---
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments =
on the assertion &quot;<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-siz=
e:13px">the combination of this proposal and named parameters may encourage=
 interfaces with high number of parameters&quot;?</span><div>
<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></span></di=
v><div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Re=
gards,</span></div><div style><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;f=
ont-size:13px">Hariharan S</span></div>
</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri,=
 May 3, 2013 at 9:58 AM, Greg Marr <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:=
gregmmarr@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">gregmmarr@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> w=
rote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"im"><span style=3D"font-size:1=
3px">On Thursday, May 2, 2013 12:49:46 PM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrot=
e:</span><br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmai=
l_quote"><div><span style=3D"font-size:13px">What I meant by &quot;other pr=
ogramming languages do not have this feature&quot; was default middle param=
 value and not named params.=A0</span></div>
</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></div><div>It&#39;s not a mainstrea=
m language, but I work with a product-specific scripting language that allo=
ws default middle parameters, and uses the second syntax above with the sim=
ple elimination of the parameter: foo(a, b, , , e, f)</div>
<div><br></div><div>This language has been in use for probably 25 years, an=
d shares a lot of syntax with C.</div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h=
5"><div><br></div>

<p></p>

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On Friday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:

> Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments on the assertion
> "the combination of this proposal and named parameters may encourage
> interfaces with high number of parameters"?
>

I don't see what effect middle default parameters would have on named
parameters encouraging interfaces with a high number of parameters. It
seems to me that they can do that quite well on their own.

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<span style=3D"font-size: 13px;">On Friday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, H=
ariharan Subramanian wrote:</span><br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" sty=
le=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #ccc solid;padding-left=
: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer c=
omments on the assertion "<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-=
size:13px">the combination of this proposal and named parameters may encour=
age interfaces with high number of parameters"?</span></div></blockquote><d=
iv><br></div><div>I don't see what effect middle default parameters would h=
ave on named parameters encouraging interfaces with a high number of parame=
ters. It seems to me that they can do that quite well on their own.</div><d=
iv><br></div>

<p></p>

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------=_Part_47_1999671130.1408201708195
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I really like this proposal. Any progress?

Kenshi

2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=8257=
=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2 Greg Marr:
>
> On Friday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
>> Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments on the=20
>> assertion "the combination of this proposal and named parameters may=20
>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters"?
>>
>
> I don't see what effect middle default parameters would have on named=20
> parameters encouraging interfaces with a high number of parameters. It=20
> seems to me that they can do that quite well on their own.
>
>

--=20

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<div dir=3D"ltr">I really like this proposal. Any progress?<div><br></div><=
div>Kenshi<br><br>2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=
=A5 2=E6=99=8257=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2 Greg Marr:<blockquote class=3D"g=
mail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #ccc sol=
id;padding-left: 1ex;"><span style=3D"font-size:13px">On Friday, May 3, 201=
3 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:</span><br><blockquote clas=
s=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc =
solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the info Greg. Will you=
 able to offer comments on the assertion "<span style=3D"font-family:arial,=
sans-serif;font-size:13px">the combination of this proposal and named param=
eters may encourage interfaces with high number of parameters"?</span></div=
></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don't see what effect middle default pa=
rameters would have on named parameters encouraging interfaces with a high =
number of parameters. It seems to me that they can do that quite well on th=
eir own.</div><div><br></div></blockquote></div></div>

<p></p>

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On Thursday, May 2, 2013 8:41:04 AM UTC+12, Tony V E wrote:
>
>
>
>
> On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 4:50 AM, Hariharan Subramanian <toh...@gmail.com
> <javascript:>> wrote:
>
>>
>> Named parameters solves this problem. But introducing named parameters
>> only for this would be an overkill. Even otherwise, I think named
>> parameters is unnecessary. Cannot the IDE simply display the name of the
>> parameter adjacent to the parameter passed? No need to change the language
>> at all. Named parameters would have been useful during the 1990s but not
>> now.
>>
>> Regards,
>> Hariharan S
>>
>>
>>
>
> The IDE showing names doesn't help much.  The difference is:
>
> foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)
> vs
> foo(.x = 10, .z = 12)
>
> Some people might find the second easier to read and understand.  (And
> some might prefer the first because it doesn't "hide" as much.)
>

+1 (as they say)

People always want this feature for COM programming on Windows where you
have huge numbers of parameters that are best defaulted.
I don't tend to see the situation anywhere else.

but you still end up with excel.insertSheet(0, default,t
default,default,default) etc. or whatever, as you say.

Named parameters would seem to be far more favourable to that IMHO.

I'm always leery about using default parameters in any form though, I don't
ever seem to have a good experience with them.
I wonder if named parameters might become more useful in web frameworks
down the road but I don't know.

It's interesting to know API's people are actually wrestling with that
warrant this support. One wonders how common they are and if their design
is the fault or not etc.
I know the COM type API's for MS Office made me most think about this topic.


> Tony
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><br>On Thursday, May 2, 2013 8:41:04 AM UTC+12, Tony V=
 E wrote:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8=
ex; padding-left: 1ex; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-w=
idth: 1px; border-left-style: solid;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div><br><br><di=
v class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, May 1, 2013 at 4:50 AM, Hariharan Subramani=
an <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a onmousedown=3D"this.href=3D'javascript:';return=
 true;" onclick=3D"this.href=3D'javascript:';return true;" href=3D"javascri=
pt:" target=3D"_blank" gdf-obfuscated-mailto=3D"xa2gKGu36jsJ">toh...@gmail.=
com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; paddi=
ng-left: 1ex; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-width: 1px=
; border-left-style: solid;"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div class=3D"gmail_quot=
e"><br><div>Named parameters solves this problem. But introducing named par=
ameters only for this would be an overkill. Even otherwise, I think named p=
arameters is unnecessary. Cannot the IDE simply display the name of the par=
ameter adjacent to the parameter passed? No need to change the language at =
all. Named parameters would have been useful during the 1990s but not now.<=
/div>

<div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Hariharan S</div><div><br></div></di=
v></div></div><div><div>&nbsp;</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>=
The IDE showing names doesn't help much.&nbsp; The difference is:<br>
<br></div><div>foo(10, default, default, default, 12, default)<br></div><di=
v>vs<br></div><div>foo(.x =3D 10, .z =3D 12)<br><br></div><div>Some people =
might find the second easier to read and understand.&nbsp; (And some might =
prefer the first because it doesn't "hide" as much.)<br></div></div></div><=
/div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>+1 (as they say)</div><div>&nbsp;</di=
v><div>People always want this feature for COM programming on Windows where=
 you have huge numbers of parameters that are best defaulted.</div><div>I d=
on't tend to see the situation anywhere else.</div><div><br></div><div>but =
you still end up with excel.insertSheet(0, default,t default,default,defaul=
t) etc. or whatever, as you say.</div><div><br></div><div>Named parameters =
would seem to be far more favourable to that IMHO.</div><div><br></div><div=
>I'm always leery about using default parameters in any form though, I don'=
t ever seem to have a good experience with them.</div><div>I wonder if name=
d parameters&nbsp;might become more useful in web frameworks down the road =
but I don't know.</div><div><br></div><div>It's interesting to know API's p=
eople are actually wrestling with that warrant this support.&nbsp;One wonde=
rs how&nbsp;common they are and if their design is the fault or not etc.</d=
iv><div>I know the COM type API's for MS Office made me most think about th=
is topic.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204=
, 204); border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid;"><div dir=3D"ltr"=
><div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div>
<br></div><div>Tony<br></div></div></div></div>
</blockquote></div>

<p></p>

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I started working on it a few days back. I will complete the first draft
soon and post it.

Hariharan S


On Sat, Aug 16, 2014 at 8:38 PM, Kenshi Takayama <kenshi84@gmail.com> wrote=
:

> I really like this proposal. Any progress?
>
> Kenshi
>
> 2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=8257=
=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2 Greg Marr:
>
>> On Friday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>>
>>> Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments on the
>>> assertion "the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
>>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters"?
>>>
>>
>> I don't see what effect middle default parameters would have on named
>> parameters encouraging interfaces with a high number of parameters. It
>> seems to me that they can do that quite well on their own.
>>
>>  --
>
> ---
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<div dir=3D"ltr">I started working on it a few days back. I will complete t=
he first draft soon and post it.<div><br></div><div>Hariharan S</div></div>=
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Sat, Aug 1=
6, 2014 at 8:38 PM, Kenshi Takayama <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto=
:kenshi84@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">kenshi84@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wr=
ote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I really like this proposal=
.. Any progress?<div><br></div><div>Kenshi<br><br>2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=
=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=8257=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2=
 Greg Marr:<div class=3D"">
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span style=3D"font-size:13px">On F=
riday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:</span><br=
><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;bord=
er-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments =
on the assertion &quot;<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-siz=
e:13px">the combination of this proposal and named parameters may encourage=
 interfaces with high number of parameters&quot;?</span></div>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don&#39;t see what effect middle default=
 parameters would have on named parameters encouraging interfaces with a hi=
gh number of parameters. It seems to me that they can do that quite well on=
 their own.</div>
<div><br></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div class=3D"">

<p></p>

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I have an idea for explicit defaults. An explicit default value will=20
require the use of the default keyword to provide the default value, that=
=20
is leaving the parmeter off the end of the list would be an error.

I'm not sure how well this would fit with named parameters or the current=
=20
ideas about default parameters. Perhaps named parameters would be a better=
=20
solution for the problems this would solve?

Here is an example of what I suggesting:

void foo(int a=3D1, int b=3D2); //ok
void bar(int a=3Dexplicit 1); //explicit default value=20
void mew(int a=3D1, int b); //explicit default value for a because b does n=
ot=20
have a default
void orc(int a, int b=3Dexplicit 2); // explicit default value for b
void orc(int a); //since b has an explicit default value we are ok with=20
this overload

int main()
{
foo(); //ok calls foo(1,2)
bar(); //error default is explicit
mew(); //error no default for b
orc(); //error neither overload has defaults for all parameters

foo(9); //ok calls foo(9,2)
bar(9); // calls bar(9)
mew(9); //error no default value for b
orc(9); // calls orc(9) the single parameter overload

foo(default); // calls foo(1,2)
bar(default); // calls bar(1)
mew(default); //error no default for b
orc(default); //error a does not have a default value in either overload

foo(default,5); // calls foo(1,5)
mew(default,5); // calls mew(1,5)
orc(default,5); // error a does not have a default value in either overload

foo(5,default); // calls foo(5,2)
mew(5,default); // error no default value for b
orc(5,default); // calls orc(5,2)

foo(default,default); // calls foo(1,2)
mew(default,default); // error no default value for b
orc(default,default); // error a does not have a default value=20

return 0;
}
//end code example

Cheers,

Chet.

On Sunday, 17 August 2014 11:02:07 UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>
> I started working on it a few days back. I will complete the first draft=
=20
> soon and post it.
>
> Hariharan S
>
>
> On Sat, Aug 16, 2014 at 8:38 PM, Kenshi Takayama <kens...@gmail.com=20
> <javascript:>> wrote:
>
>> I really like this proposal. Any progress?
>>
>> Kenshi
>>
>> 2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=825=
7=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2 Greg Marr:
>>
>>> On Friday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>>>
>>>> Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments on the=20
>>>> assertion "the combination of this proposal and named parameters may=
=20
>>>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters"?
>>>>
>>>
>>> I don't see what effect middle default parameters would have on named=
=20
>>> parameters encouraging interfaces with a high number of parameters. It=
=20
>>> seems to me that they can do that quite well on their own.
>>>
>>>  --=20
>>
>> ---=20
>> You received this message because you are subscribed to a topic in the=
=20
>> Google Groups "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
>> To unsubscribe from this topic, visit=20
>> https://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/d/topic/std-proposals/4tWQEMqEH8s=
/unsubscribe
>> .
>>
>> To unsubscribe from this group and all its topics, send an email to=20
>> std-proposal...@isocpp.org <javascript:>.
>> To post to this group, send email to std-pr...@isocpp.org <javascript:>.
>> Visit this group at=20
>> http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-proposals/.
>>
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">I have an idea for explicit defaults. An explicit default =
value will require the use of the default keyword to provide the default va=
lue, that is leaving the parmeter off the end of the list would be an error=
..<div><br></div><div>I'm not sure how well this would fit with named parame=
ters or the current ideas about default parameters. Perhaps named parameter=
s would be a better solution for the problems this would solve?<br><br>Here=
 is an example of what I suggesting:<br><br><div><div>void foo(int a=3D1, i=
nt b=3D2); //ok</div><div>void bar(int a=3Dexplicit 1); //explicit default =
value&nbsp;</div><div>void mew(int a=3D1, int b); //explicit default value =
for a because b does not have a default</div><div>void orc(int a, int b=3De=
xplicit 2); // explicit default value for b</div><div>void orc(int a); //si=
nce b has an explicit default value we are ok with this overload</div><div>=
<br></div><div>int main()</div><div>{</div><div>foo(); //ok calls foo(1,2)<=
/div><div>bar(); //error default is explicit</div><div>mew(); //error no de=
fault for b</div><div>orc(); //error neither overload has defaults for all =
parameters</div><div><br></div><div>foo(9); //ok calls foo(9,2)</div><div>b=
ar(9); // calls bar(9)</div><div>mew(9); //error no default value for b</di=
v><div>orc(9); // calls orc(9) the single parameter overload</div><div><br>=
</div><div>foo(default); // calls foo(1,2)</div><div>bar(default); // calls=
 bar(1)</div><div>mew(default); //error no default for b</div><div>orc(defa=
ult); //error a does not have a default value in either overload</div><div>=
<br></div><div>foo(default,5); // calls foo(1,5)</div><div>mew(default,5); =
// calls mew(1,5)</div><div>orc(default,5); // error a does not have a defa=
ult value in either overload</div><div><br></div><div>foo(5,default); // ca=
lls foo(5,2)</div><div>mew(5,default); // error no default value for b</div=
><div>orc(5,default); // calls orc(5,2)</div><div><br></div><div>foo(defaul=
t,default); // calls foo(1,2)</div><div>mew(default,default); // error no d=
efault value for b</div><div>orc(default,default); // error a does not have=
 a default value&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>return 0;</div><div>}</div>=
</div><div>//end code example<br></div><div><br></div><div>Cheers,</div><di=
v><br></div><div>Chet.</div><div><br></div><div>On Sunday, 17 August 2014 1=
1:02:07 UTC-7, Hariharan Subramanian  wrote:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quot=
e" style=3D"margin: 0;margin-left: 0.8ex;border-left: 1px #ccc solid;paddin=
g-left: 1ex;"><div dir=3D"ltr">I started working on it a few days back. I w=
ill complete the first draft soon and post it.<div><br></div><div>Hariharan=
 S</div></div><div><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Sat, Aug 16, 2014 =
at 8:38 PM, Kenshi Takayama <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"javascript:" t=
arget=3D"_blank" gdf-obfuscated-mailto=3D"Zu8CnO1YpRsJ" onmousedown=3D"this=
..href=3D'javascript:';return true;" onclick=3D"this.href=3D'javascript:';re=
turn true;">kens...@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I really like this proposal=
.. Any progress?<div><br></div><div>Kenshi<br><br>2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=
=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=8257=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2=
 Greg Marr:<div>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span style=3D"font-size:13px">On F=
riday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:</span><br=
><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;bord=
er-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments =
on the assertion "<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13p=
x">the combination of this proposal and named parameters may encourage inte=
rfaces with high number of parameters"?</span></div>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don't see what effect middle default par=
ameters would have on named parameters encouraging interfaces with a high n=
umber of parameters. It seems to me that they can do that quite well on the=
ir own.</div>
<div><br></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div>

<p></p>

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.

--047d7bb04446d7393e05018d5637
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I am attaching the first draft of the proposal. It is based on the
standards document N3797.pdf dated 2013-10-13.

Hariharan S


On Sun, Aug 17, 2014 at 11:32 PM, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com>
wrote:

> I started working on it a few days back. I will complete the first draft
> soon and post it.
>
> Hariharan S
>
>
> On Sat, Aug 16, 2014 at 8:38 PM, Kenshi Takayama <kenshi84@gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> I really like this proposal. Any progress?
>>
>> Kenshi
>>
>> 2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=825=
7=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2 Greg Marr:
>>
>>> On Friday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:
>>>
>>>> Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments on the
>>>> assertion "the combination of this proposal and named parameters may
>>>> encourage interfaces with high number of parameters"?
>>>>
>>>
>>> I don't see what effect middle default parameters would have on named
>>> parameters encouraging interfaces with a high number of parameters. It
>>> seems to me that they can do that quite well on their own.
>>>
>>>  --
>>
>> ---
>> You received this message because you are subscribed to a topic in the
>> Google Groups "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
>> To unsubscribe from this topic, visit
>> https://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/d/topic/std-proposals/4tWQEMqEH8s=
/unsubscribe
>> .
>>
>> To unsubscribe from this group and all its topics, send an email to
>> std-proposals+unsubscribe@isocpp.org.
>> To post to this group, send email to std-proposals@isocpp.org.
>> Visit this group at
>> http://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/group/std-proposals/.
>>
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">I am attaching the first draft of the proposal. It is base=
d on the standards document N3797.pdf dated 2013-10-13.<div><br></div><div>=
Hariharan S</div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gma=
il_quote">
On Sun, Aug 17, 2014 at 11:32 PM, Hariharan Subramanian <span dir=3D"ltr">&=
lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">tohari@gmail.com</=
a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir=3D"ltr">I started working on it a few days back. I will complete t=
he first draft soon and post it.<div><br></div><div>Hariharan S</div></div>=
<div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br>=
<div class=3D"gmail_quote">
On Sat, Aug 16, 2014 at 8:38 PM, Kenshi Takayama <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a h=
ref=3D"mailto:kenshi84@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">kenshi84@gmail.com</a>&=
gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I really like this proposal=
.. Any progress?<div><br></div><div>Kenshi<br><br>2013=E5=B9=B45=E6=9C=884=
=E6=97=A5=E5=9C=9F=E6=9B=9C=E6=97=A5 2=E6=99=8257=E5=88=8639=E7=A7=92 UTC+2=
 Greg Marr:<div>

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span style=3D"font-size:13px">On F=
riday, May 3, 2013 2:15:42 AM UTC-4, Hariharan Subramanian wrote:</span><br=
>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks for the info Greg. Will you able to offer comments =
on the assertion &quot;<span style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-siz=
e:13px">the combination of this proposal and named parameters may encourage=
 interfaces with high number of parameters&quot;?</span></div>

</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I don&#39;t see what effect middle default=
 parameters would have on named parameters encouraging interfaces with a hi=
gh number of parameters. It seems to me that they can do that quite well on=
 their own.</div>

<div><br></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div>

<p></p>

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On 26 August 2014 14:30, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:

> During the lifecycle of a software, the default value of a parameter can
> change. If the
>
default value of type2 changes then no work need to be done. But if the
> default
> value of type1 changes then wherever a1 was used it should be changed.


I strongly disagree with "no work need to be done".  Changing a default
value is an interface change.  The problem with changing a default
parameter is that it is impossible for the author of the callee to
determine if a particular caller is using the default because it should not
be specified vs. is using it because they knew what the exactly default
value is and not specifying it is a convenient shorthand.  I have to visit
every caller to see if it is still doing what is intended.
--
 Nevin ":-)" Liber  <mailto:nevin@eviloverlord.com>  (847) 691-1404

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<div dir=3D"ltr">On 26 August 2014 14:30, Hariharan Subramanian <span dir=
=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">tohari@g=
mail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"=
gmail_quote">

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">During the lifecycle of a software, the d=
efault value of a parameter can change. If the<br>

</div></blockquote><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0p=
x 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border=
-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">default value of type2 changes then no =
work need to be done. But if the default=C2=A0<br>

value of type1 changes then wherever a1 was used it should be changed.=C2=
=A0</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I strongly disagree with &quot;no work =
need to be done&quot;. =C2=A0Changing a default value is an interface chang=
e. =C2=A0The problem with changing a default parameter is that it is imposs=
ible for the author of the callee to determine if a particular caller is us=
ing the default because it should not be specified vs. is using it because =
they knew what the exactly default value is and not specifying it is a conv=
enient shorthand. =C2=A0I have to visit every caller to see if it is still =
doing what is intended.</div>

</div>-- <br>=C2=A0Nevin &quot;:-)&quot; Liber=C2=A0 &lt;mailto:<a href=3D"=
mailto:nevin@eviloverlord.com" target=3D"_blank">nevin@eviloverlord.com</a>=
&gt;=C2=A0 (847) 691-1404
</div></div>

<p></p>

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//file1.h
void foo(int a, int b = 1, int c = 2);

//file2.cpp
void foo(int a, int b, int c) { }
static void usefoo() {
  foo(0, default, 3);
}

For the above code one cannot be 100% sure if the programmer meant default
or meant 1 masquerading as default. But it gives programmer the option of
giving default and actual value for middle parameters. Even if the
programmer is reasonable he/she will not be helpless.

Hariharan S




On Wed, Aug 27, 2014 at 1:22 AM, Nevin Liber <nevin@eviloverlord.com> wrote:

> On 26 August 2014 14:30, Hariharan Subramanian <tohari@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> During the lifecycle of a software, the default value of a parameter can
>> change. If the
>>
> default value of type2 changes then no work need to be done. But if the
>> default
>> value of type1 changes then wherever a1 was used it should be changed.
>
>
> I strongly disagree with "no work need to be done".  Changing a default
> value is an interface change.  The problem with changing a default
> parameter is that it is impossible for the author of the callee to
> determine if a particular caller is using the default because it should not
> be specified vs. is using it because they knew what the exactly default
> value is and not specifying it is a convenient shorthand.  I have to visit
> every caller to see if it is still doing what is intended.
> --
>  Nevin ":-)" Liber  <mailto:nevin@eviloverlord.com>  (847) 691-1404
>
> --
>
> ---
> You received this message because you are subscribed to a topic in the
> Google Groups "ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals" group.
> To unsubscribe from this topic, visit
> https://groups.google.com/a/isocpp.org/d/topic/std-proposals/4tWQEMqEH8s/unsubscribe
> .
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> std-proposals+unsubscribe@isocpp.org.
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>//file1.h</div><div>void foo(int a, int b =3D 1, int =
c =3D 2);</div><div><br></div><div>//file2.cpp</div><div>void foo(int a, in=
t b, int c) { }</div><div>static void usefoo() {</div><div>=C2=A0 foo(0, de=
fault, 3);</div>
<div>}<br></div><div><br></div>For the above code one cannot be 100% sure i=
f the programmer meant default or meant 1 masquerading as default. But it g=
ives programmer the option of giving default and actual value for middle pa=
rameters. Even if the programmer is reasonable he/she will not be helpless.=
<div>
<br></div><div>Hariharan S<br><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div><di=
v class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, Aug 27, =
2014 at 1:22 AM, Nevin Liber <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:nevin@=
eviloverlord.com" target=3D"_blank">nevin@eviloverlord.com</a>&gt;</span> w=
rote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">On 26 August 2014 14:30, Ha=
riharan Subramanian <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:tohari@gmail.co=
m" target=3D"_blank">tohari@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">

<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;p=
adding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">During the lifecycle of a software, the d=
efault value of a parameter can change. If the<br>


</div></blockquote><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0p=
x 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border=
-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">default value of type2 changes then no =
work need to be done. But if the default=C2=A0<br>


value of type1 changes then wherever a1 was used it should be changed.=C2=
=A0</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I strongly disagree with &quot;no work =
need to be done&quot;. =C2=A0Changing a default value is an interface chang=
e. =C2=A0The problem with changing a default parameter is that it is imposs=
ible for the author of the callee to determine if a particular caller is us=
ing the default because it should not be specified vs. is using it because =
they knew what the exactly default value is and not specifying it is a conv=
enient shorthand. =C2=A0I have to visit every caller to see if it is still =
doing what is intended.</div>
<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888">

</font></span></div><span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888">-- <br>=
=C2=A0Nevin &quot;:-)&quot; Liber=C2=A0 &lt;mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:nevin@=
eviloverlord.com" target=3D"_blank">nevin@eviloverlord.com</a>&gt;=C2=A0 (8=
47) 691-1404
</font></span></div></div><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5">

<p></p>

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