Topic: Switch statmet support for variadic templates
Author: inkwizytoryankes@gmail.com
Date: Sat, 11 May 2013 07:40:13 -0700 (PDT)
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In metaprograming use most of control structures using recursion. Thanks to
inlinig this approach is effective, because it remove redundant calls
leaving only program logic.
But in case of switch its isn't true, because of flat nature of switch it
can not be split to different function without degradation to equivalent if
statement.
This cause degradation of performance compare to hand written code.
Right now C++11 have some workarounds but is have many limitations and is
hard to use.
template<typename... T>
void func(int i)
{
constexpr Func f[] = {T::call...};
if(i < sizeof...(T))
f[i](); //cant be inlined
}
#define MACRO_CALL(x, f) case (x): get_param<(x), f...>::call(); break; //you
need handle case where x >= szieof...(f)
#define MACRO_CALL_2TIMES(x, f) MACRO_CALL((x+0), f) MACRO_CALL((x+1), f)
#define MACRO_CALL_4TIMES(x, f) MACRO_CALL_2TIMES((x+0), f)MACRO_CALL_2TIMES
((x+2), f)
/* etc. */
#define MACRO_CALL16TIMES(x, f) MACRO_CALL_8TIMES((x+0), f)MACRO_CALL_8TIMES
((x+8), f)
template<typename... T>
void func2(int i)
{
switch(i) //always 32 cases
{
MACRO_CALL16TIMES(0, T)
MACRO_CALL16TIMES(15, T) //oops...
}
}
I suggest to allow pack expansion in switch statement
template<typename... T>
void func3(int i)
{
switch(i)
{
case pos_param<T, T...>::value: { T::call(); break; }...;
}
}
template<int... I>
void func4(int i)
{
switch(i)
{
case I: { select_func<I>::call(); break; }...;
}
}
template<int... I>
void func5()
{
switch(0) //from beging
{
case I: { select_func<I>::call(); }...; //no break, call all
function, not need to use recursion
}
}
--
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In metaprograming use most of control structures using recursion. Thanks to=
inlinig this approach is effective, because it remove redundant calls leav=
ing only program logic.<br>But in case of switch its isn't true, because of=
flat nature of switch it can not be split to different function without de=
gradation to equivalent if statement.<br>This cause degradation of performa=
nce compare to hand written code.<br><br>Right now C++11 have some workarou=
nds but is have many limitations and is hard to use.<br><div class=3D"prett=
yprint" style=3D"background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border-color: rgb(18=
7, 187, 187); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; word-wrap: break-word=
;"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div class=3D"subprettyprint"><span style=3D=
"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">template</span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span style=3D"color: =
#008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">typename</span><span style=3D"color: #6=
60;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">...</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify"> T</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"s=
tyled-by-prettify">></span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-=
by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify">void</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"=
> func</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</s=
pan><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> i</span><span style=
=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color=
: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"color: #008=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">constexpr</span><span style=3D"color: #000;=
" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #606;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">Func</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-=
prettify">[]</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=3D</sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span =
style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"=
color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">T</span><span style=3D"color: #6=
60;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">::</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" cla=
ss=3D"styled-by-prettify">call</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"=
styled-by-prettify">...};</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">if</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify">i </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">&=
lt;</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span=
><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">sizeof</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">...(</span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">T</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">))</span><span style=3D"color: #000=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> f</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">[</span><span style=
=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">i</span><span style=3D"color=
: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">]();</span><span style=3D"color: #000=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">//cant be inlined</span><span style=3D"color: #000;=
" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify"><br><br></span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled=
-by-prettify">#define</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify"> MACRO_CALL</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettif=
y">x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">,</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span =
style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"=
color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #0=
08;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">case</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" c=
lass=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"s=
tyled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-=
prettify">x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"=
>):</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> get_pa=
ram</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><(</=
span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">x</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=
=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">...>::</span><span style=3D"color=
: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">call</span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">();</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">break</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify">;</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
"> </span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//you n=
eed handle case where x >=3D szieof...(f)</span><span style=3D"color: #0=
00;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #800;" c=
lass=3D"styled-by-prettify">#define</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify"> MACRO_CALL_2TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #66=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)<=
/span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> MACRO_CALL=
</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">((</span><=
span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">x</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">+</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D"color: #660;"=
class=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify"> MACRO_CALL</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pr=
ettify">((</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=
x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">+</span><=
span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">1</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify">#define</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"> MACRO_CALL_4TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify">x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f<=
/span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> MACRO_CALL_2TIMES</=
span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">((</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">x</span><span style=
=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">+</span><span style=3D"color=
: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" =
class=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-=
by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy"> MACRO_CALL_2TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify">((</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">+</sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">2</span><span =
style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=3D=
"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: =
#660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify">/* etc. */</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify">#define</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify"> MACRO_CALL16TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"=
styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify">x</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> MACRO_CALL_8TIMES</span=
><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">((</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">x</span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">+</span><span style=3D"color: #06=
6;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pr=
ettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> =
MACRO_CALL_8TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify">((</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">x=
</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">+</span><s=
pan style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">8</span><span style=
=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">),</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> f</span><span style=3D"color: #660;=
" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br><br></span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">template</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify">typename</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">...</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify"> T</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"=
>></span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br><=
/span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span>=
<span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> func2</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=
=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> i</span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"sty=
led-by-prettify">switch</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-=
by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">i</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span =
style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//always 32 cases</span=
><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br>  =
; </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span>=
<span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> =
MACRO_CALL16TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> T<=
/span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> &n=
bsp; MACRO_CALL16TIMES</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"s=
tyled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=3D"styled-by-=
prettify">15</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> T</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//oops...</span><span style=3D"co=
lor: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #6=
60;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span></div></code></div><span style=3D"font-=
family: arial,sans-serif;"><font size=3D"2"><br>I suggest to allow </font><=
/span><span style=3D"font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><font size=3D"2"><font=
size=3D"2">p<font size=3D"2">a</font></font>ck expansion</font></span><spa=
n style=3D"font-family: arial,sans-serif;"></span> in switch statement<br><=
div class=3D"prettyprint" style=3D"background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); bo=
rder-color: rgb(187, 187, 187); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; wor=
d-wrap: break-word;"><code class=3D"prettyprint"><div class=3D"subprettypri=
nt"><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">template</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">typename</span><span =
style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">...</span><span style=
=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> T</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">></span><span style=3D"color: #00=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #008;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify"> func3</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"sty=
led-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-pr=
ettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"=
> i</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span=
><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span=
style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D=
"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><span =
style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">switch</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">i</span><span style=3D"color: #660;"=
class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" =
class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"=
styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">case</span><span style=3D"color: =
#000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> pos_param</span><span style=3D"color: =
#660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span style=3D"color: #000;"=
class=3D"styled-by-prettify">T</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify">,</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify"> T</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">...>::</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettif=
y">value</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">:<=
/span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=
=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> T</span><span style=3D"colo=
r: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">::</span><span style=3D"color: #000;=
" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">call</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify">();</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify">break</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">;</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}...;</span><s=
pan style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> <=
/span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=3D"col=
or: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #0=
08;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">template</span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span style=3D"color: #008;" cla=
ss=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"s=
tyled-by-prettify">...</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify"> I</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">></span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><b=
r></span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> func4</span><=
span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"co=
lor: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> i</span><span style=3D"color: #66=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-p=
rettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"sty=
led-by-prettify">switch</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-=
by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pretti=
fy">i</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">)</sp=
an><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> &nb=
sp; </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> &nbs=
p; </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify">case</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"=
> I</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">:</span=
><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span st=
yle=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"co=
lor: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> select_func</span><span style=3D"=
color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span style=3D"color:=
#000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">I</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" c=
lass=3D"styled-by-prettify">>::</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">call</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"st=
yled-by-prettify">();</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
">break</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">;</=
span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}...;</span><span sty=
le=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><=
span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=3D"color: #00=
0;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: #008;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify">template</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"s=
tyled-by-prettify">int</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-b=
y-prettify">...</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prett=
ify"> I</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">>=
;</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></spa=
n><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">void</span><spa=
n style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> func5</span><span st=
yle=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">()</span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"color: =
#660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" cl=
ass=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><span style=3D"color: #=
008;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">switch</span><span style=3D"color: #660;=
" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">(</span><span style=3D"color: #066;" class=
=3D"styled-by-prettify">0</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify">)</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-pret=
tify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">//f=
rom beging</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">=
<br> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pr=
ettify">{</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><=
br> </span><span style=3D"color: #008;" class=3D=
"styled-by-prettify">case</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"style=
d-by-prettify"> I</span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-pre=
ttify">:</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> <=
/span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">{</span><sp=
an style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"> select_func</span><=
span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><</span><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">I</span><span style=3D"c=
olor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">>::</span><span style=3D"color=
: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">call</span><span style=3D"color: #660=
;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">();</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" clas=
s=3D"styled-by-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styl=
ed-by-prettify">}...;</span><span style=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by=
-prettify"> </span><span style=3D"color: #800;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify=
">//no break, call all function, not need to use recursion</span><span styl=
e=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br> </span><s=
pan style=3D"color: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span><span style=
=3D"color: #000;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify"><br></span><span style=3D"co=
lor: #660;" class=3D"styled-by-prettify">}</span></div></code></div><br><br=
>
<p></p>
-- <br />
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------=_Part_289_14652115.1368283213408--
.